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NixOS on ARM/Raspberry Pi 4: Difference between revisions

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Raspberry Pi系列设备是由Raspberry Pi基金会制造的一系列单板计算机。它们都基于Broadcom片上系统（SoC）。
The Raspberry Pi family of devices is a series of single-board computers made by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. They are all based on Broadcom System-on-a-chip (SoCs).


== 状态 ==
== Status ==


Raspberry Pi 4家族仅支持AArch64。社区支持使用armv7。
The Raspberry Pi 4 Family is only supported as '''AArch64'''. Use as armv7 is community supported.


== Board-specific 安装说明 ==
== Board-specific installation notes ==


首先按照 [[NixOS_on_ARM#Installation|generic installation steps]] 获取安装程序映像，并使用 [[NixOS_on_ARM#NixOS_installation_.26_configuration|installation and configuration steps]].
First follow the [[NixOS_on_ARM#Installation|generic installation steps]] to get the installer image and install using the [[NixOS_on_ARM#NixOS_installation_.26_configuration|installation and configuration steps]].


Raspberry Pi 4B可与 [https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixos/trunk-combined/nixos.sd_image.aarch64-linux generic SD image]配合使用.
The Raspberry Pi 4B works with the [https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixos/trunk-combined/nixos.sd_image.aarch64-linux generic SD image].


nix.dev上提供了在Raspberry Pi上安装NixOS的示例说明。[https://nix.dev/tutorials/installing-nixos-on-a-raspberry-pi installing NixOS on a Raspberry Pi]  
Sample instructions for [https://nix.dev/tutorials/installing-nixos-on-a-raspberry-pi installing NixOS on a Raspberry Pi] are available at nix.dev.


{{warning|请注意，Raspberry Pi 4有两个HDMI输出，显然有时控制台/TTY的用户提示显示在HDMI 1上，而启动过程显示在HDMI 0上（官方（非NixOs）非图形精简版图像也可能出现这种情况）。因此，如果在第2阶段结束时收到“欢迎使用NixOs”的消息后，您的屏幕变黑/断开连接，请尝试使用另一个HDMI端口。请在此处查看相关错误。
{{warning| Note that the Raspberry Pi 4 has two HDMI outputs, and apparently sometimes the user prompt for the console/TTY is displayed on HDMI 1 while the boot process is displayed on HDMI 0 (this may even [https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/a/112071/149250 be the case] with the official (non NixOs) non-graphical lite image). So if after the message "Welcome on NixOs" at the end of phase 2 your screen goes black/disconnects, try to use the other HDMI port. See the related bug [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/179701 here].}}
Note that the Raspberry Pi 4 has two HDMI outputs, and apparently sometimes the user prompt for the console/TTY is displayed on HDMI 1 while the boot process is displayed on HDMI 0 (this may even [https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/a/112071/149250 be the case] with the official (non NixOs) non-graphical lite image). So if after the message "Welcome on NixOs" at the end of phase 2 your screen goes black/disconnects, try to use the other HDMI port. See the related bug [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/179701 here].}}


=== 配置 ===
=== Configuration ===


使用nixos-generate-config将生成所需的最小配置。
Using <code>nixos-generate-config</code> will generate the required minimal configuration.


Raspberry Pi 4在现代内核上得到了很好的支持。但是，如果您遇到GPU支持或其他deviceTree怪癖的问题，您可能希望添加nixos硬件通道：Raspberry Pi 4 is well-supported on modern kernels. However, if you encounter issues with GPU support or other deviceTree quirks, you may wish to add the nixos-hardware channel:
Raspberry Pi 4 is well-supported on modern kernels. However, if you encounter issues with GPU support or other deviceTree quirks, you may wish to add the nixos-hardware channel:


<code>
<code>
Line 78: Line 77:
   system.stateVersion = "24.11";
   system.stateVersion = "24.11";
}
}
</nowiki>}}
=== <code>config.txt</code> ===
{{warning|Since 24.11, the option <code>boot.loader.raspberrypi</code> which included <code>firmwareConfig</code> is removed from <code>nixpkgs</code>, therefore changes have to be written to <code>config.txt</code> directly<ref>https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/241534</ref>}}
To edit options only available through <code>config.txt</code>, as of May 12, 2025, you can only do so non-declaratively:
{{commands|<nowiki>
$ sudo mount /dev/disk/by-label/FIRMWARE /mnt
$ sudo vim /mnt/config.txt # <-- make changes here
</nowiki>}}
For example, [https://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2020/11/overclocking-the-raspberry-pi-400/ overclocking] the Raspberry Pi 400 can be done by adding the following:
{{file|config.txt|text|<nowiki>
arm_freq=2000
over_voltage=6
</nowiki>}}
</nowiki>}}


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   # Enable audio devices
   # Enable audio devices
   boot.kernelParams = [ "snd_bcm2835.enable_hdmi=1" "snd_bcm2835.enable_headphones=1" ];
   boot.kernelParams = [ "snd_bcm2835.enable_hdmi=1" "snd_bcm2835.enable_headphones=1" ];
  boot.loader.raspberryPi.firmwareConfig = ''
    dtparam=audio=on
  '';
}
}
</nowiki>}}
{{file|config.txt|txt|<nowiki>
dtparam=audio=on
</nowiki>}}
</nowiki>}}


Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/NixOS_on_ARM/Raspberry_Pi_4"