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| This article is about all nix subcommands. Its written for nix 2.4 or newer. | | {{Navbox Nix}} |
| Older nix versions might have different commands.
| | {{Disambiguation|message=This article is about the new nix command. Not to be confused with the [[Nix ecosystem]], the [[Nix (language)|Nix language]] or the [[Nix (package manager)|Nix package manager]].}} |
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| == Enabling the nix command ==
| | This article is about the new <code>nix</code> command and all of its subcommands. The new <code>nix</code> command is intended to unify many different Nix package manager utilities that exist currently as many separate commands, eg. <code>nix-build</code>, <code>nix-shell</code>, etc. |
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| In nix 2.4 the nix command must be enabled explicitly set <code>experimental-features = nix-command</code>
| | See the [https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/command-ref/experimental-commands.html Nix manual] for a complete reference. |
| in <code>~/.config/nix/nix.conf</code> or system-wide in <code>/etc/nix/nix.conf</code>.
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| In NixOS the latter one can be also achieved by using:
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| <syntaxHighlight lang=nix>
| | == Enabling the nix command == |
| { pkgs, ... }: {
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| nix.extraOptions = ''
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| experimental-features = nix-command
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| '';
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| }
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| </syntaxHighlight>
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| In the following we describe all sub commands of nix: | | In nix 2.4, the nix command must be explicitly enabled. You can do this in a few different ways. |
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| == Main commands == | | === As an individual invocation === |
| | <syntaxhighlight lang="console"> |
| | nix --experimental-features nix-command build ... |
| | </syntaxhighlight> |
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| === <code>nix build</code> === | | === By setting it in the nix configuration === |
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| | {{File|3=experimental-features = nix-command|name=~/.config/nix/nix.conf|lang=toml}} |
| build a derivation or fetch a store path
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| | === On NixOS, by setting it in the NixOS configuration === |
| | ''On NixOS you can't edit <code>/etc/nix/nix.conf</code> directly, so you have to set it through the NixOS configuration instead'' |
| | {{File|3={ pkgs, ... }: { |
| | nix.settings.experimental-features = [ "nix-command" ]; |
| | }|name=/etc/nixos/configuration.nix|lang=nix}}{{Evaluate}} |
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| === <code>nix develop</code> === | | == Switching from <code>nix profile</code> to <code>nix-env</code> == |
| | {{Warning|Using <code>nix-env</code> is not recommended.}} |
| | Once you installed a package with <code>nix profile</code>, you get the following error message when using <code>nix-env</code>: |
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| run a bash shell that provides the build environment of a derivation
| | <syntaxHighlight lang=console> |
| | $ nix-env -f '<nixpkgs>' -iA 'hello' |
| | error: --- Error ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nix-env |
| | profile '/nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/joerg/profile' is incompatible with 'nix-env'; please use 'nix profile' instead |
| | </syntaxHighlight> |
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| | To migrate from <code>nix profile</code> to <code>nix-env</code>, you need to delete your current profile: |
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| === <code>nix flake</code> ===
| | {{warning|This will delete packages that have been installed before, so you may want to back this information before running the command.}} |
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| manage Nix flakes
| | <syntaxHighlight lang=console> |
| | | $ rm -rf /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/$USER/profile |
| | | </syntaxHighlight> |
| === <code>nix profile</code> ===
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| manage Nix profiles
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| === <code>repl </code> ===
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| start an interactive environment for evaluating Nix expressions
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| === <code>run</code> ===
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| run a Nix application
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| === <code>nix search</code ===
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| query available packages
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| === <code>nix shell</code> ===
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| run a shell in which the specified packages are available
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| == Infrequently used commands ==
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| === <code>nix copy</code> ===
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| copy paths between Nix stores
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| === <code>nix edit</code> ===
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| open the Nix expression of a Nix package in $EDITOR
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| === <code>nix eval</code> ===
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| evaluate a Nix expression
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| === <code>nix log</code> ===
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| show the build log of the specified packages or paths, if available
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| === <code>nix path-info</code> ===
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| query information about store paths
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| === <code>nix registry</code> ===
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| manage the flake registry
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| === <code>nix verify</code> ===
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| verify the integrity of store paths
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| === <code>nix why-depends</code> ===
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| show why a package has another package in its closure
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| == Utility/scripting commands ==
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| === <code>nix add-to-store</code> ===
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| add a path to the Nix store
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| === <code>nix cat-nar</code> ===
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| print the contents of a file inside a NAR file on stdout
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| === <code>nix cat-store</code> ===
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| print the contents of a file in the Nix store on stdout
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| === <code>nix copy-sigs</code> ===
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| copy path signatures from substituters (like binary caches)
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| === <code>nix dump-path</code> ===
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| dump a store path to stdout (in NAR format)
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| === <code>nix hash-file</code> ===
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| print cryptographic hash of the NAR serialisation of a path
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| === <code>nix hash-path</code> ===
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| print cryptographic hash of the NAR serialisation of a path
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| === <code>ls-nar</code> ===
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| show information about a path inside a NAR file
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| === <code>nix ls-store</code> ===
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| show information about a path in the Nix store
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| === <code>nix make-content-addressable</code> ===
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| rewrite a path or closure to content-addressable form
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| === <code>nix optimise-store</code> ===
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| replace identical files in the store by hard links
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| === <code>nix ping-store</code> ===
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| test whether a store can be opened
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| === <code>nix print-dev-env</code> ===
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| print shell code that can be sourced by bash to reproduce the build environment of a derivation
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| === <code>nix show-config</code> ===
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| show the Nix configuration
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| === <code>nix show-derivation</code> ===
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| show the contents of a store derivation
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| === <code>nix sign-paths</code> ===
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| sign the specified paths
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| === <code>nix to-base16</code> ===
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| convert a hash to base-16 representation
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| === <code>nix to-base32</code> ===
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| convert a hash to base-32 representation
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| === <code>nix to-base64</code> ===
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| convert a hash to base-64 representation
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| === <code>nix to-sri</code> === | | == New equivalents to old commands == |
| | <syntaxhighlight lang="shell"> |
| | # create a store derivation for a package defined in the current directory's default.nix |
| | old$ nix-instantiate -A somepackage |
| | # assumes you are now using flakes |
| | new$ nix eval .#somepackage.drvPath |
| | # alternative option |
| | new$ nix derivation show .#somepackage | jq '.[keys[0]]' | nix derivation add |
| | </syntaxhighlight> |
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| convert a hash to SRI representation
| | [[Category:Nix]] |