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Uninterruptible power supply: Difference between revisions

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needs a new battery every four years, under optimal operating
needs a new battery every four years, under optimal operating
conditions.
conditions.
The end of ConfigExample book says:
Joe's server will still be allright
if power drops off in the night.
  That 8 year old pack
  of battery backup
will easily handle th connection lost


= Components of NUT Software =
= Components of NUT Software =
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* upsd.conf, control access to upsd, power.ups.upsd option
* upsd.conf, control access to upsd, power.ups.upsd option
* upsd.users, add user with access to upsd, power.ups.users option
* upsd.users, add user with access to upsd, power.ups.users option
* upsmon.conf, connect to upsd, power.ups.upsmon.monitor section;
* upsmon.conf, connect upsmon to upsd, power.ups.upsmon.monitor section;
* upsmon.conf, set how upsmon should react to status changes, power.ups.upsmon.settings section
* upsmon.conf, set how upsmon should react to status changes, power.ups.upsmon.settings section
* delayed UPS shutdown systemd unit, to make Restore Power on AC Return BIOS option functional, systemd.services.nut-delayed-ups-shutdown section
* delayed UPS shutdown systemd unit, to make Restore Power on AC Return BIOS option functional, systemd.services.nut-delayed-ups-shutdown section
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     # this UPS device is named UPS-1.
     # this UPS device is named UPS-1.
     ups."UPS-1" = {
     ups."UPS-1" = {
       description = "Eaton Ellipse ECO 650 with 12V 7Ah Batt";
       description = "Eaton Ellipse ECO 650 with 12V 7Ah lead-acid Batt";


       # driver name from https://networkupstools.org/stable-hcl.html
       # driver name from https://networkupstools.org/stable-hcl.html
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         # after offdelay seconds, the UPS power must be cut, even if
         # after offdelay seconds, the UPS power must be cut, even if
         # wall power returns.
         # wall power returns.
        # There is a danger that the system will take longer than the default 20 seconds to shut down.
        # If that were to happen, the UPS shutdown would provoke a brutal system crash.
        # We adjust offdelay, to solve this issue.
         "offdelay = 60"
         "offdelay = 60"


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         # "Restore power on AC" should now power on the system.
         # "Restore power on AC" should now power on the system.
         # For reasons described above, ondelay value must be larger than offdelay value.
         # For reasons described above, ondelay value must be larger than offdelay value.
        # We adjust ondelay, to ensure Restore power on AC option returns to Power Disconnected state.
         "ondelay = 70"
         "ondelay = 70"


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         # upsmon initiate shutdown once this threshold is reached.
         # upsmon initiate shutdown once this threshold is reached.
         "lowbatt = 40"
         "lowbatt = 40"
        # ignore it if the UPS reports a low battery condition
        # without this, system will shutdown only when ups reports lb,
        # not respecting lowbatt option
        "ignorelb"
       ];
       ];
     };
     };
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     # declarations. upsd.users
     # declarations. upsd.users
     users."nut-admin" = {
     users."nut-admin" = {
       passwordFile = ../resources/ups-passwd.txt;
       passwordFile = "${../resources/ups-passwd.txt}";
       upsmon = "primary";
       upsmon = "primary";
     };
     };
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       powerValue = 1;
       powerValue = 1;
       user = "nut-admin";
       user = "nut-admin";
       passwordFile = ../resources/ups-passwd.txt;
       passwordFile = "${../resources/ups-passwd.txt}";
       type = "primary";
       type = "primary";
     };
     };
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</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


= The Delayed UPS Shutdown =
= Delay UPS Shutdown =


As part of the system shutdown process, there needs to be an action to
As part of the system shutdown process, there needs to be an action to
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During the system shutdown, systemd service unit runs the command
During the system shutdown, systemd service unit runs the command
upsdrvctl shutdown. This tells the UPS that it is to shut down
<code>upsdrvctl shutdown</code>. This tells the UPS that it is to shut down
offdelay seconds later. The system powers down before offdelay seconds
offdelay seconds later. The system powers down before offdelay seconds
have passed. Wall power returns before the UPS shuts down Less than
have passed. Wall power returns before the UPS shuts down. Less than
offdelay seconds have passed. The UPS continues it's shutdown
offdelay seconds have now passed. The UPS continues it's shutdown
process.
process.


After offdelay seconds the UPS shuts down, disconnecting it's
After offdelay seconds the UPS shuts down, disconnecting it's
outlets. The beeping stops.  With some UPS units, there is an audible
outlets. The beeping stops.  With some UPS units, there is an audible
clunk. An interval of ondelay-offdelay seconds later: After ondelay
clunk. An interval of ondelay minus offdelay seconds later: After ondelay
seconds the UPS turns itself on, and repowers it's outlets. The system
seconds the UPS turns itself on, and repowers it's outlets. The system
BIOS option Restore Power on AC return has hopefully been selected and
BIOS option Restore Power on AC return has hopefully been selected and
the system powers up.
the system powers up.
There is a danger that the system will take longer
than the default 20 seconds to shut down. If that were to happen, the UPS shutdown
would provoke a brutal system crash.  We have adjusted offdelay above, to solve this issue.


<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
   # copied from ConfigExamples 3.0 book, Appendix B.2.
   # copied from ConfigExamples 3.0 book, Appendix B.2.
   systemd.services.nut-delayed-ups-shutdown = {
   systemd.services.nut-delayed-ups-shutdown = {
     unitConfig = {
     enable = true;
      Description = "Initiate delayed UPS shutdown";
    environment = config.systemd.services.upsmon.environment;
      Before = "umount.target";
    description = "Initiate delayed UPS shutdown";
      DefaultDependencies = false;
    before = [ "umount.target" ];
    };
    wantedBy = [ "final.target" ];
     serviceConfig = {
     serviceConfig = {
       Type = "oneshot";
       Type = "oneshot";
       ExecStart = ''${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash -c\
      # need to use '-u root', or else permission denied
      "${pkgs.util-linux}/bin/logger -t\
       ExecStart = ''${pkgs.nut}/bin/upsdrvctl -u root shutdown'';
        nut-delayed-ups-shutdown 'upsdrvctl shutting down UPS';\
      # must not use slice: if used, upsdrvctl will not run as a late
        ${pkgs.nut}/bin/upsdrvctl shutdown"'';
      # shutdown service
      # Slice = "";
    };
    unitConfig = {
      ConditionPathExists = config.power.ups.upsmon.settings.POWERDOWNFLAG;
      DefaultDependencies = "no";
     };
     };
    wantedBy = "final.target";
   };
   };
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
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