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NixOS on ARM/PINE A64-LTS: Difference between revisions

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!Maintainer
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|[[User:samueldr|samueldr]]
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It can boot from SD or from an eMMC.
It can boot from SD or from an eMMC.
The [https://www.pine64.org/?page_id=1491 SOPINE board] from the same manufacturer, using the Baseboard "Model A" should be 100% compatible with the A64-LTS; the A64-LTS support is built using the device tree of the Baseboard "Model A". Though untested, this should mean that the Baseboard "Model A" will work with NixOS<sup>[testing needed]</sup>.


== Status ==
== Status ==
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Upstream NixOS AArch64 image boots on the PINE A64-LTS, using the proper upstream U-Boot.
Upstream NixOS AArch64 image boots on the PINE A64-LTS, using the proper upstream U-Boot.


U-boot support [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/32553#issuecomment-373915787 has been added 2018-03-18]. The bootloader with SPL can be downloaded from these location:
U-boot support [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/32553#issuecomment-373915787 has been added 2018-03-18]. The bootloader with SPL can be downloaded from this location:


* [http://cs.helsinki.fi/u/tmtynkky/sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin <code>sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin</code> built by Dezgeg.]
* [https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixpkgs/trunk/ubootPine64LTS.aarch64-linux Nixpkgs unstable builds on hydra.]
* [https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixpkgs/trunk/ubootSopine.aarch64-linux Trunk builds on hydra.]


== Board-specific installation notes ==
== Installation instructions ==


First follow the [[NixOS_on_ARM#Installation|generic installation steps]] to get the installer image on an SD card or the eMMC. A compatible eMMC to SD may be required to flash the eMMC. If you do not have one available, it is possible to boot another operating system on the A64-LTS and from there <code>dd</code> to the eMMC.
{{ARM/installation allwinner|variant=aarch64}}


U-Boot needs to be copied to specific sectors on the microSD card with <code>dd</code>. Download U-Boot for the board (<code>sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin</code>), and copy it to the correct location with (again, replace <code>/dev/sdX</code> with the correct path to the SD card device):
Flashing U-Boot to the SD card can be skipped if it is installed to the [[#SPI_NOR_flash|SPI NOR flash]]


<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dd if=sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/sdX bs=1024 seek=8</syntaxhighlight>
These instructions can also be followed for installation on the eMMC module. A compatible eMMC writer may be required to flash the eMMC. If you do not have one available, it is possible to boot another operating system on the A64-LTS and from there <code>dd</code> to the eMMC.


Then, install using the [[NixOS_on_ARM#NixOS_installation_.26_configuration|installation and configuration steps]].
Then, continue installation using the [[NixOS_on_ARM#NixOS_installation_.26_configuration|installation and configuration steps]].


== Serial console==
== Serial console==


{{expansion|This needs to be documented and tested.}}
Follows a simplified drawing of the edge of the Pine A64-LTS, with two locations to tap for serial.<ref>http://wiki.pine64.org/index.php/PINE_A64-LTS/SOPine_Main_Page#PINE_A64-LTS_Board_Features</ref><ref>http://files.pine64.org/doc/Pine%20A64%20Schematic/Pine%20A64%20Pin%20Assignment%20160119.pdf</ref>
 
[[File:Pine-A64-LTS_partial-pinout.png|frameless|860px]]
 
{| class="table"
|-
!colspan="2" style="background: var(--color-inverted)"| EXP Connector
|-
! Pin
! Function
|-
| 7
| UART0_TX
|-
| 8
| UART0_RX
|-
| 9
| GND
|-
!colspan="2" style="background: var(--color-inverted)"| Euler "e" Connector
|-
! Pin
! Function
|-
| 29
| UART0_TX
|-
| 30
| UART0_RX
|-
| 33
| GND
|}


== Compatibility notes ==
== Compatibility notes ==


{| class="table arm-compatibility"
{| class="table arm-compatibility"
|-
!colspan="2" style="background: var(--color-inverted)"| Mainline kernel
! Device
! Notes
|-
|-
! Ethernet
! Ethernet
| As of mainline kernel 4.15, ethernet seems to have troubles. The interface is detected but seems to not work right.
|
* Up to and including 4.19, ethernet seems to have troubles. The interface is detected but does not work right.
* Verified only starting with 4.20 (rc4 tested), ethernet seems to work sometimes. It may fail with <code>dmesg</code> messages like <code>dwmac-sun8i 1c30000.ethernet eth0: Could not attach to PHY</code> and <code>dwmac-sun8i 1c30000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)</code>.
|-
|-
! HDMI
! HDMI
| As of mainline kernel 4.19, HDMI output does not seem to work (with tested hardware).
|
* Starting with 4.20 (rc4 tested), HDMI output works.
* Up to and including 4.19, HDMI output does not work.
|}
|}


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}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
=== Clusterboard Ethernet ===
It appears that Ethernet with the [https://www.pine64.org/clusterboard/ pine64 clusterboard] requires [https://forum.pine64.org/showthread.php?tid=10432 a slightly modified device tree to work].  There's some conflicting information about exactly what is needed to get Ethernet working but currently, mainline linux (5.4.58 at the time of testing) plus a modified device tree is sufficient to get a full speed 1gbps connection.
First create the device tree overlay.
<pre>
/* sopine-baseboard-ethernet.dts */
/dts-v1/;
/ {
model = "SoPine with baseboard";
compatible = "pine64,sopine-baseboard\0pine64,sopine\0allwinner,sun50i-a64";
fragment@0 {
target-path = "/soc/ethernet@1c30000";
__overlay__ {
allwinner,tx-delay-ps = <500>;
};
};
};
</pre>
Create the device tree binary from that.
<pre>
dtc -O dtb -o sopine-baseboard-ethernet.dtbo -b 0 sopine-baseboard-ethernet.dts
</pre>
And add it to your configuration.nix
<pre>
...
  hardware.deviceTree.enable = true;
  hardware.deviceTree.overlays = [
    "${/path/to/sopine-baseboard-ethernet.dtbo}"
  ];
...
</pre>


== SPI NOR flash ==
== SPI NOR flash ==
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{{note|Once a valid bootloader is on the SPI NOR flash, FEL mode will not be entered automatically. [http://linux-sunxi.org/FEL Follow instructions of the FEL page of the linux-sunxi wiki] for alternative ways to enter FEL mode.}}
{{note|Once a valid bootloader is on the SPI NOR flash, FEL mode will not be entered automatically. [http://linux-sunxi.org/FEL Follow instructions of the FEL page of the linux-sunxi wiki] for alternative ways to enter FEL mode.}}


== Flashing from U-Boot ==
=== Flashing from U-Boot ===
 
{{outdated|Mainline U-Boot can now be used, since the <tt>sf</tt> command and support for the SPI NOR flash has been added}}


It is possible, through using a U-Boot bootloader built from the u-boot-sunxi tree, to write to the SPI NOR flash. The [https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build] has such a build. Using the released <code>.img</code> files, it is possible to write their custom build or erase their custom build. From their custom build, it is possible to write to the SPI NOR flash using the <code>sf</code> command<ref>https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build/blob/d7e891cbee8a559ea50cf25ee18aa9d7b4ea9d58/blobs/flash-spi.cmd#L11-L13</ref>.  
It is possible, through using a U-Boot bootloader built from the u-boot-sunxi tree, to write to the SPI NOR flash. The [https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build] has such a build. Using the released <code>.img</code> files, it is possible to write their custom build or erase their custom build. From their custom build, it is possible to write to the SPI NOR flash using the <code>sf</code> command<ref>https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build/blob/d7e891cbee8a559ea50cf25ee18aa9d7b4ea9d58/blobs/flash-spi.cmd#L11-L13</ref>.  
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* [https://www.pine64.org/?page_id=46823 Official product page]
* [https://www.pine64.org/?page_id=46823 Official product page]
* [https://linux-sunxi.org/Xunlong_Orange_Pi_PC linux-sunxi wiki page]
Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/NixOS_on_ARM/PINE_A64-LTS"