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Created page with "某些环境（例如基于 BusyBox 的 OpenWRT）仅提供“受限” Shell（使用 <code>sh</code> 而非 <code>bash</code>）"
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Created page with "函数 <code>writeShellScript</code> 可用于向 Nix 表达式中添加 Shell 脚本。"
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函数 <code>writeShellScript</code> 可用于向 Nix 表达式中添加 Shell 脚本。
The package <code>writeShellScript</code> can be used to add shell scripts to Nix expressions.
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<span id="External_builder.sh_script"></span>
== External builder.sh script ==
== 外部 builder.sh 脚本 ==
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较长的 Bash 脚本通常会保存为外部脚本文件，并在 Nix 中调用：
Longer Bash scripts are usually stored as external script files, and called from Nix:
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另见：
See also:
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* [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/23099 创造一个无源 derivation]
* [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/23099 Make a derivation with no source]
* [https://nixos.org/guides/nix-pills/working-derivation.html Nix Pills: 第 7 章. 制作 Derivation]
* [https://nixos.org/guides/nix-pills/working-derivation.html Nix Pills: Chapter 7. Working Derivation]
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=== runCommand + builder.sh ===
=== runCommand + builder.sh ===
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除了使用 <code>stdenv.mkDerivation</code> 之外，还可以通过 <code>runCommand</code> 来调用外部的 Bash 脚本：
Instead of <code>stdenv.mkDerivation</code>, <code>runCommand</code> can also be used to call an external Bash script:
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<span id="Packaging"></span>
== Packaging ==
== 打包 ==
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示例：
Example:
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<code>wrapProgram</code> 会将原始脚本移动到 <code>.github-downloader.sh-wrapped</code>。
<code>wrapProgram</code> will move the original script to <code>.github-downloader.sh-wrapped</code>.
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<span id="Command_not_found"></span>
=== Command not found ===
=== 命令未找到 ===
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例如，脚本会抛出错误 <code>svn: command not found</code>，这是因为缺少依赖包 <code>subversion</code>。
For example, the script throws the error <code>svn: command not found</code>, because the dependency <code>subversion</code> is missing.
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当某个命令缺失时，可以使用 <code>nix-locate</code> 来查找对应的软件包名称。例如，<code>stat</code> 命令：
When a command is missing, you can use <code>nix-locate</code> to find the package name. for example, the <code>stat</code> command:
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<span id="Debugging_embedded_scripts"></span>
== Debugging embedded scripts ==
== 调试嵌入脚本 ==
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当 Bash 脚本执行失败时，它只会输出错误信息，而不会显示出错的代码位置。
When a bash script fails, it prints only an error message, but no code location.
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要跟踪命令和行号，可以使用
To trace commands and line numbers, one can use
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== POSIX shell ==
== POSIX shell ==
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某些环境（例如基于 BusyBox 的 OpenWRT）仅提供“受限” Shell（使用 <code>sh</code> 而非 <code>bash</code>）
某些环境（例如基于 BusyBox 的 OpenWRT）仅提供“受限” Shell（使用 <code>sh</code> 而非 <code>bash</code>）
Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Shell_scripts/zh"