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imported>Nh2 Show manual chroot |
imported>Hucksy Add more details for nixos-enter and a troubleshooting section |
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The nixos-enter program is part of NixOS. Before it runs provides a shell, the script mounts api filesystems like /proc and setups the profile and /etc of the target system. To use it, setup <code>/mnt</code> as described in the [https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/#sec-installation installation manual]. | The nixos-enter program is part of NixOS. Before it runs provides a shell, the script mounts api filesystems like /proc and setups the profile and /etc of the target system. To use it, setup <code>/mnt</code> as described in the [https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/#sec-installation installation manual]. | ||
At the time of writting, the following <code>mount</code> commands should suffice: | |||
<syntaxHighlight lang=console> | |||
$ mount -o bind /dev/disk/by-label/<ROOT_LABEL> /mnt/ | |||
$ # mount any partitions you might have; here we assume only home and nix exist | |||
$ mkdir -p /mnt/{home,nix} | |||
$ mount -o bind /dev/disk/by-label/<HOME_LABEL> /mnt/home | |||
$ mount -o bind /dev/disk/by-label/<NIX_LABEL> /mnt/nix | |||
</syntaxHighlight> | |||
Then run <code>nixos-enter</code>: | Then run <code>nixos-enter</code>: | ||
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<syntaxHighlight lang=console> | <syntaxHighlight lang=console> | ||
$ nixos-enter | $ nixos-enter | ||
</syntaxHighlight> | |||
Note, that when using <code>nixos-rebuild</code> inside the environment provided by <code>nixos-enter</code>, you have to give <code>nixos-rebuild</code> subcommands the <code>--option sandbox false</code> option, otherwise derivation builds will fail with the following error: | |||
<syntaxHighlight lang=console> | |||
error: cloning builder process: Operation not permitted | |||
error: unable to start build process | |||
</syntaxHighlight> | </syntaxHighlight> | ||
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</syntaxHighlight> | </syntaxHighlight> | ||
You should now be in your NixOS system, and should be able to adjust it by e.g. editing <code>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</code> and running <code>nixos-rebuild switch</code> as usual. Remember that you may have to establish Internet access the chroot for some commands. | You should now be in your NixOS system, and should be able to adjust it by e.g. editing <code>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</code> and running <code>nixos-rebuild switch</code> as usual. Remember that you may have to establish Internet access within the chroot for some commands. | ||
= Troubleshooting = | |||
== 1. nixos-rebuild fails with "System has not been booted with <program> as init system." == | |||
In some cases, such as when using [[Systemd-networkd|systemd-networkd]] as the [[Bootloader|bootloader]], [[Nixos-rebuild|nixos-rebuild]] commands might fail with a message similar to | |||
<syntaxHighlight lang=console> | |||
error: System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate. | |||
</syntaxHighlight> | |||
If you have tried to use <code>nixos-rebuild switch</code>, you can try <code>nixos-rebuild boot</code> instead. Should that also fail, you can append <code>NIXOS_SWITCH_USE_DIRTY_ENV=1</code> to the commands, which should bypass the error while also setting the proper boot entries, if the [[Bootloader|bootloader]] is detected. | |||
Finally, should all else fail, <code>nixos-install</code> should work as a replacement changing the root. | |||