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Proxmox Virtual Environment: Difference between revisions

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[https://www.proxmox.com/proxmox-ve {{PAGENAME}}] - shortened ''PVE'' - ([[wikipedia:en:{{PAGENAME}}]]) is a platform for containerization and virtualization. PVE can manage a so called "data center" as a cluster of machines and storage. (It supports file systems like [[ZFS]] and [[Ceph]].) It is primarily used with a WebGui ([[wikipedia:en:web user interface|WUI]]) but also provides an API, editable Configfiles and CLI-Commands. It is open source and is based on [[Debian]] GNU/Linux (with a customized kernel of [[Ubuntu]]).
[https://www.proxmox.com/proxmox-ve {{PAGENAME}}] - shortened ''PVE'' - ([[wikipedia:en:{{PAGENAME}}]]) is a platform for containerization and virtualization.
 
PVE is open source and is based on Debian GNU/Linux (with a customized kernel from Ubuntu) and supports a variety of filesystems (e.g.[[ZFS]]) and storage-backends/network-filesystems (e.g.[[Ceph]]). [[Ceph]] can be setup, administrated and monitored through the Webinterface, just as most other functions of PVE. There is also an API and a way to configure PVE through Configfiles and CLI-Commands.
 
[[File:Proxmox-VE-8-0-Cluster-Summary.png|thumb|Proxmox-VE-8-0-Cluster-Summary]]
 
PVE can manage a "data center" as a cluster of machines and storage through a unified Webgui that allows management of the whole cluster through each of the nodes.


Proxmox VE uses  
Proxmox VE uses  
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<blockquote>
<blockquote>
The instructions should work for PVE&nbsp;7.2 and later with NixOS&nbsp;22.05 and later.
The instructions should work for PVE 7.2 and later with NixOS 22.05 and later.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


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The first run will take some time, as a patched version of qemu with support for the VMA format needs to be built
The first run will take some time, as a patched version of qemu with support for the VMA format needs to be built
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<pre>
 
nix run github:nix-community/nixos-generators -- --format proxmox
<syntaxhighlight lang=console>
</pre>
$ nix run github:nix-community/nixos-generators -- --format proxmox
</syntaxhighlight>
 
Pass additional nix configuration to the template with <code>--configuration filename.nix</code>. In addition to NixOS module options, proxmox-specific options present in [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/virtualisation/proxmox-image.nix nixos/modules/virtualisation/proxmox-image.nix] can be used to set core, memory, disk and other VM hardware options.
Pass additional nix configuration to the template with <code>--configuration filename.nix</code>. In addition to NixOS module options, proxmox-specific options present in [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/virtualisation/proxmox-image.nix nixos/modules/virtualisation/proxmox-image.nix] can be used to set core, memory, disk and other VM hardware options.


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The generated vma.zst file can be copied to <code>/var/lib/vz/dump/</code> (or any other configured VM dump storage path). A new VM can be spun up from it either using the GUI or the CLI:
The generated vma.zst file can be copied to <code>/var/lib/vz/dump/</code> (or any other configured VM dump storage path). A new VM can be spun up from it either using the GUI or the CLI:


<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang=console>
qmrestore /var/lib/vz/dump/vzdump-qemu-nixos-21.11.git.d41882c7b98M.vma.zst &lt;vmid&gt; --unique true
$ qmrestore /var/lib/vz/dump/vzdump-qemu-nixos-21.11.git.d41882c7b98M.vma.zst <vmid> --unique true
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
note: the MAC address of net0 defaults to <code>00:00:00:00:00:00</code>. This must either be overridden through <code>proxmox.qemuConf.net0</code>, or the <code>unique</code> attribute must be set to true when importing the image on Proxmox.
note: the MAC address of net0 defaults to <code>00:00:00:00:00:00</code>. This must either be overridden through <code>proxmox.qemuConf.net0</code>, or the <code>unique</code> attribute must be set to true when importing the image on Proxmox.
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By default, the generated image is set up to expose a serial terminal interface for ease of access.
By default, the generated image is set up to expose a serial terminal interface for ease of access.


<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang=console>
root@proxmox-server:~# qm start &lt;vmid&gt;
root@proxmox-server:~# qm start <vmid>
root@proxmox-server:~# qm terminal &lt;vmid&gt;
root@proxmox-server:~# qm terminal <vmid>
starting serial terminal on interface serial0 (press Ctrl+O to exit)
starting serial terminal on interface serial0 (press Ctrl+O to exit)


&lt;&lt;&lt; NixOS Stage 1 &gt;&gt;&gt;
<<< NixOS Stage 1 >>>


loading module dm_mod...
loading module dm_mod...
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&lt;&lt;&lt; Welcome to NixOS 21.11.git.d41882c7b98M (x86_64) - ttyS0 &gt;&gt;&gt;
<<< Welcome to NixOS 21.11.git.d41882c7b98M (x86_64) - ttyS0 >>>


Run 'nixos-help' for the NixOS manual.
Run 'nixos-help' for the NixOS manual.
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[root@nixos:~]#
[root@nixos:~]#
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>


=== Network configuration ===
=== Network configuration ===
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Cloud-init can be enabled with
Cloud-init can be enabled with


<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang=nix>
services.cloud-init.network.enable = true;
services.cloud-init.network.enable = true;
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
This will enable systemd-networkd, allowing cloud-init to set up network interfaces on boot.
This will enable systemd-networkd, allowing cloud-init to set up network interfaces on boot.


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=== Generating LXC template ===
=== Generating LXC template ===


<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang=console>
nix run github:nix-community/nixos-generators -- --format proxmox-lxc
$ nix run github:nix-community/nixos-generators -- --format proxmox-lxc
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>


=== Privileged LXCs ===
=== Privileged LXCs ===
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The template built above without any options does not come with <code>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</code>. A minimal working example is presented below. Be sure to run <code>nix-channel --update</code>, reboot the container running before <code>nixos-rebuild switch</code>.
The template built above without any options does not come with <code>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</code>. A minimal working example is presented below. Be sure to run <code>nix-channel --update</code>, reboot the container running before <code>nixos-rebuild switch</code>.
<syntaxHighlight lang=nix>
<syntaxhighlight lang=nix>
{ pkgs, modulesPath, ... }:
{ pkgs, modulesPath, ... }:


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   ];
   ];
}
}
</syntaxHighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


=== LXC Console ===
=== LXC Console ===
Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Proxmox_Virtual_Environment"