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| [https://flutter.dev Flutter] is an open-source mobile application development framework created by Google. It allows developers to build high-performance, cross-platform apps for iOS and Android using a single codebase.
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| In order to understand the sections below more for Android development on NixOS, [[Android|check out the Android wiki page]].
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| == Development ==
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| === Linux desktop/Web ===
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| To build Flutter apps to Linux desktop or Web you only need the <code>flutter</code> package from Nixpkgs.
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| Then run <code>flutter build linux</code> or <code>flutter build web</code>. Ensure that <code>pkg-config</code> is installed on your system, either through a development shell or directly on the base system. Not having <code>pkg-config</code> available may result in compilation errors.
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| === Android ===
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| The easiest way is to install Android Studio by adding <code>pkgs.android-studio</code> to your list of packages in configuration.nix.
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| If you prefer [[Vscode|VSCode]], you can create a [[Development environment with nix-shell|dev-shell]] with the packages "jdk", "flutter", and a preferred android sdk such as the preconfigured one "androidenv.androidPkgs_9_0.androidsdk" (mentioned in the Android wiki page). Add other packages if missing any. Or you can install Android Studio to get all the Android packages, and install Flutter.
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| Below is an example [[Flakes|flake.nix]] for creating a dev shell. Create following <code>flake.nix</code> in a new project directory
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| {{file|flake.nix|nix|<nowiki>
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| {
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| description = "Flutter 3.13.x";
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| inputs = {
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| nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-24.11";
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| flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
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| };
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| outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
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| flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
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| let
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| pkgs = import nixpkgs {
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| inherit system;
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| config = {
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| android_sdk.accept_license = true;
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| allowUnfree = true;
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| };
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| };
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| buildToolsVersion = "34.0.0";
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| androidComposition = pkgs.androidenv.composeAndroidPackages {
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| buildToolsVersions = [ buildToolsVersion "28.0.3" ];
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| platformVersions = [ "34" "28" ];
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| abiVersions = [ "armeabi-v7a" "arm64-v8a" ];
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| };
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| androidSdk = androidComposition.androidsdk;
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| in
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| {
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| devShell =
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| with pkgs; mkShell rec {
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| ANDROID_SDK_ROOT = "${androidSdk}/libexec/android-sdk";
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| buildInputs = [
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| flutter
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| androidSdk # The customized SDK that we've made above
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| jdk17
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| ];
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| };
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| });
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| }
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| </nowiki>}}
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| If you don't want to customize the android sdk, you can instead use the predefined packages, as mentioned [https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/unstable/#using-predefined-android-package-compositions in this section on the manual], such as <code>androidenv.androidPkgs_9_0.androidsdk</code>:
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|
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| {{file|flake.nix|nix|<nowiki>
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| {
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| description = "Flutter 3.13.x";
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| inputs = {
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| nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/23.11";
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| flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
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| };
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| outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
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| flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
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| let
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| pkgs = import nixpkgs {
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| inherit system;
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| config = {
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| android_sdk.accept_license = true;
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| allowUnfree = true;
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| };
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| };
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| androidSdk = pkgs.androidenv.androidPkgs_9_0.androidsdk;
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| in
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| {
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| devShell =
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| with pkgs; mkShell rec {
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| ANDROID_SDK_ROOT = "${androidSdk}/libexec/android-sdk";
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| buildInputs = [
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| flutter
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| androidSdk
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| jdk17
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| ];
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| };
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| });
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| }
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| </nowiki>}}
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| Run following commands to start a new demo project and run the "hello world" application
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|
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| <syntaxhighlight lang="console">
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| # nix develop
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| # flutter create my_app
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| # cd my_app
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| # flutter run
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| </syntaxhighlight>
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|
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| == Emulators ==
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| [[Android|View the Android wiki page for more info]], but you can set up emulators in Android Studio, run them from there, then target the emulator in VSCode when running your flutter code. Otherwise, you can Nixify or even manually add your emulators as stated in the Android wiki page
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| == Packaging ==
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| Use [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/cfe96dbfce8bd62dcd4a8ad62cb79dec140b1a62/pkgs/development/compilers/flutter/flutter.nix#L168 buildFlutterApplication from nixpkgs].
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| == Troubleshooting == | | == Troubleshooting == |
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| The SDK directory is not writable (/nix/store/1xw5npxd7isrl50pl7y82anhdapnfs6p-androidsdk/libexec/android-sdk)</syntaxhighlight> | | The SDK directory is not writable (/nix/store/1xw5npxd7isrl50pl7y82anhdapnfs6p-androidsdk/libexec/android-sdk)</syntaxhighlight> |
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| == See also ==
| | * There might be cases where setting the <code>ANDROID_HOME</code> environment variable will have no effect on Flutter's ability to assess the validity of Android SDK's installation. This behavior may be caused by an existing configuration file (<code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/settings</code> or <code>$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/flutter/settings</code>) containing an incorrectly set <code>"android-sdk"</code> key-value pair. Once removed, the environment variable should no longer be overridden, and should function correctly. |
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| * The [https://github.com/orgs/NixOS/teams/flutter team working on flutter in nixpkgs] maintains several pieces of infrastructure related to the cause. The documentation is lacking as of now, but there are plans to improve it. | |
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| [[Category: Development]]
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