WordPress
Wordpress is a self-hosted content management web application, especially designed for blogging but also a good start to create your own website. It can customized with themes and an in-build site editor and further extended with plugins.
Installation
A simple local setup of Wordpress can be enabled with the following setup
services.wordpress.sites."localhost" = {};
Visit http://localhost to setup your new Wordpress instance. By default, a Mysql server is configured automatically so you won't have to setup the database backend.
Configuration
Language
The default language of the Wordpress module will be English. It is possible to enable additional language support for languages which are already packaged. Using extraConfig you can configure the default language. In this example, we're going to enable the German language.
services.wordpress.sites."localhost" = {
languages = [ pkgs.wordpressPackages.languages.de_DE ];
extraConfig = ''
define ('WPLANG', 'de_DE');
'';
};
Alternatively you can package your own language files following this example:
{ pkgs, ... }: let
wordpress-language-de = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
name = "wordpress-${pkgs.wordpress.version}-language-de";
src = pkgs.fetchurl {
url = "https://de.wordpress.org/wordpress-${pkgs.wordpress.version}-de_DE.tar.gz";
sha256 = "sha256-dlas0rXTSV4JAl8f/UyMbig57yURRYRhTMtJwF9g8h0=";
};
installPhase = "mkdir -p $out; cp -r ./wp-content/languages/* $out/";
};
in {
services.wordpress.sites."localhost".languages = [ wordpress-language-de ];
}
Consult the translation portal of Wordpress for the specific country and language codes available. This example is using the code de_DE (Germany/German) in the source URL and also the extraConfig part.
Themes and plugins
Themes and plugins which are already packaged can be integrated like this:
services.wordpress.sites."localhost" = {
themes = [ pkgs.wordpressPackages.themes.twentytwentytwo ];
plugins = with pkgs.wordpressPackages.plugins; [
antispam-bee
opengraph
];
};
Manually package a Wordpress theme or plugin can be accomplished like this:
let
wordpress-theme-responsive = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
name = "responsive";
src = pkgs.fetchurl {
url = http://wordpress.org/themes/download/responsive.1.9.7.6.zip;
sha256 = "06i26xlc5kdnx903b1gfvnysx49fb4kh4pixn89qii3a30fgd8r8";
};
buildInputs = [ pkgs.unzip ];
installPhase = "mkdir -p $out; cp -R * $out/";
};
in {
services.wordpress.sites."localhost" = {
themes = [ wordpress-theme-responsive ];
};
}
You can package any available Wordpress extension, for example from the official theme or plugin repository. Be sure to replace the name, url and sha256 part according to your desired extension.
If you want to automatically enable and activate the responsive theme, add this extraConfig line
extraConfig = ''
define ('WP_DEFAULT_THEME', 'responsive');
'';
In case you want to automatically enable and activate the plugin, in this example akismet, you can add following to extraConfig
extraConfig = ''
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
define('ABSPATH', dirname(__FILE__) . '/');
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
activate_plugin( 'akismet/akismet.php' );
'';
Mail delivery
Mail clients like Msmtp can be used to configure mail delivery for Wordpress. This can be useful for sending registration mails or notifications for new comments etc.
By default Wordpress will use the sender mail wordpress@example.org where example.org is the primary domain name configured for the Wordpress instance. By installing and using the plugin static-mail-sender-configurator it is possible to declaratively configure and change the sender address, for example to noreply@example.org.
services.wordpress.sites."example.org" = {
plugins = [ pkgs.wordpressPackages.plugins.static-mail-sender-configurator ];
extraConfig = ''
// Enable the plugin
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
define('ABSPATH', dirname(__FILE__) . '/');
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
activate_plugin( 'wordpress-plugin-static-mail-sender-configurator-${pkgs.wordpressPackages.plugins.static-mail-sender-configurator.version}/static-mail-sender-configurator.php' );
// Change sender mail address
define ('WP_MAIL_FROM', 'noreply@localhost');
'';
};
Tips and tricks
Force https-URLs behind reverse proxy
In case you're running Wordpress behind a reverse proxy which offers a SSL/https connection to the outside, you can force Wordpress to use the https protocol
services.wordpress.sites."localhost".extraConfig = ''
// Needed to run behind reverse proxy
define('FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', true);
$_SERVER['HTTPS']='on';
'';
Troubleshooting
Enable logging
To enable logging add the following lines to extraConfig
services.wordpress.sites."localhost".extraConfig = ''
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true );
ini_set( 'error_log', '/var/lib/wordpress/localhost/debug.log' );
'';
Since the default location to the folder wp-content is not writable, we redirect the log file path to /var/lib/wordpress/localhost/debug.log. All error messages will be stored there. Change the folder name localhost to the name of your site.
In case you want to print error messages directly in your browser, append following line
services.wordpress.sites."localhost".extraConfig = ''
@ini_set( 'display_errors', 1 );
'';
Please note that this exposes sensible information about your server setup therefore this option should not be enabled in production.