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DotNET: Difference between revisions

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m Mono is not deprecated
m Use the correct command name.
 
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Example build file:
Example build file:


<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix" line="1" start="1">
{ fetchFromGitHub
{
, dotnetCorePackages
  buildDotnetModule,
, buildDotnetModule
  dotnetCorePackages,
}:
}:


buildDotnetModule rec {
buildDotnetModule {
   pname = "some_program";
   pname = "hello";
   version = "some_version";
   version = "0.1";


   src = fetchFromGitHub {
   src = ./.;
    owner = "some_owner";
    repo = pname;
    rev = "v${version}";
    hash = ""; # use e.g. `nix-prefetch-git`
  };


   projectFile = "SomeProject/SomeProject.csproj";
   projectFile = "Hello/Hello.csproj";
   dotnet-sdk = dotnetCorePackages.sdk_8_0;
   dotnet-sdk = dotnetCorePackages.sdk_8_0;
   dotnet-runtime = dotnetCorePackages.runtime_8_0;
   dotnet-runtime = dotnetCorePackages.runtime_8_0;
   nugetDeps = ./deps.nix; # to generate, set to `""`, then `nix-build -A fetch-deps && ./result`
   nugetDeps = ./deps.json;
 
  meta = with lib; {
    homepage = "some_homepage";
    description = "some_description";
    license = licenses.mit;
  };
}
}


</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


If the <code>fetch-deps</code> script isn't working for whatever reason, you can manually run <code>nuget-to-nix</code>:
If the <code>fetch-deps</code> script isn't working for whatever reason, you can manually run <code>nuget-to-json</code>:
<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell-session">
dotnet restore --packages=packageDir ./SomeProject.csproj
$ dotnet restore --packages=packageDir ./SomeProject.csproj
nuget-to-nix packageDir >deps.nix
$ nuget-to-json packageDir > deps.json
rm -r packageDir
$ rm -r packageDir
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


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Just remember to add `mono` to `buildInputs` and generate a wrapper script in `postInstall`.
Just remember to add `mono` to `buildInputs` and generate a wrapper script in `postInstall`.


== Building ASP.NET packages ==
== Packaging ASP.NET projects ==


Currently building ASP.NET packages produces website that does not work correctly out of the box because the executable can not find ContentRoot and wwwroot, so all the static assets won't load.
Currently building ASP.NET project as Nix package produces a website that does not work correctly out of the box because the executable can not find <code>wwwroot</code>, so all the static assets won't load with 404.
 
<blockquote>
Request finished HTTP/2 GET https://my.app/css/site.css - 404 0
</blockquote>
 
The situation can be fixed by setting <code>WEBROOT</code> environment variable to the package path.
 
An example of systemd + ASP.NET 8 service:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
# myapp package needs to be imported; and added to `environment.systemPackages`
# the variable myapp is used below
 
systemd.services.my-app = {
  enable = true;
  description = "Runs my.app";
  wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
  after = [ "network-online.target" ];
  wants = [ "network-online.target" ];
  serviceConfig = {
    # allow binding to privileged ports - when you want to expose Kestrel directly without reverse proxy
    AmbientCapabilities = "CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE";
    User = "myapp"; # must be created using users.users.myapp = { isSystemUser = true; group = "myapp"; };
    Group = "myapp"; # must be created using users.groups.myapp = {};
    Restart = "always";
    ExecStart = "${myapp}/bin/myapp";
    StateDirectory = "myapp";
    StateDirectoryMode = "0750";
    WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/myapp";
    # EnvironmentFile = "/var/lib/myapp/env";
  };
  environment = {
    WEBROOT = "${myapp}/lib/myapp/wwwroot"; # IMPORTANT, required to pick up static assets
 
    DOTNET_ENVIRONMENT = "Production";
 
    # the following are examples
    ConnectionStrings__DefaultConnection = "Host=/var/run/postgresql;Database=myapp";
 
    # Kestrel + HTTPS; must setup https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/ACME
    Kestrel__Endpoints__Https__Url = "https://my.app";
    Kestrel__Endpoints__Https__Certificate__Path = "/var/lib/acme/my.app/cert.pem";
    Kestrel__Endpoints__Https__Certificate__KeyPath = "/var/lib/acme/my.app/key.pem";
 
    Logging__LogLevel__Default = "Information";
    Logging__LogLevel__Microsoft__AspNetCore = "Warning"; # this does not actually work, not sure how to fix
 
    Authentication__Google__ClientId = "xxxyyyzzz.apps.googleusercontent.com";
    Authentication__Microsoft__ClientId = "aaaaaa-0000-aaaa-0000-aaaaaaaaaa";
    # secrets must be placed in /var/lib/myapp/appsettings.json
 
    # TODO email
 
    # TODO Stripe
    Stripe__Currency = "USD";
  };
};
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
See also: setting up SSL certificates using [[ACME]]


== .NET location: Not found ==
== .NET location: Not found ==


If running a .NET-build executable you get the above error, make sure the DOTNET_ROOT environment variable is set:
If running a .NET-build executable you get the above error, make sure the DOTNET_ROOT environment variable is set:
<syntaxHighlight lang=nix>
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
environment.sessionVariables = {
environment.sessionVariables = {
   DOTNET_ROOT = "${pkgs.dotnet-sdk}";
   DOTNET_ROOT = "${pkgs.dotnet-sdk}/share/dotnet/";
};
};
</syntaxHighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


See : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/dotnet-environment-variables#net-sdk-and-cli-environment-variables
See : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/dotnet-environment-variables#net-sdk-and-cli-environment-variables
Line 76: Line 126:


Wontfix: The project will build only on Windows.
Wontfix: The project will build only on Windows.
== Unable to find package ==
<blockquote>
error NU1101: Unable to find package runtime.any.System.Collections. No packages exist with this id in source(s): nugetSource
</blockquote>
Unsure what specific situations cause this, probably has something to do with .NET Standard libraries.
The workaround is modifying the bits that generate nuget-deps.nix:
<syntaxhighlight lang="sh">
dotnet restore --packages=packageDir --use-current-runtime ./SomeProject.csproj
nuget-to-nix packageDir >deps.nix
rm -r packageDir
</syntaxhighlight>
The new parameter <code>--use-current-runtime</code> requires .NET SDK 8+. I believe what it does is explicitly adding packages missing in this runtime vs .NET Standard to packageDir.
If this still does not work, it might indicate a good time to update target frameworks and dependencies.


== NativeAOT ==
== NativeAOT ==
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== Example: Running Rider with dotnet & PowerShell ==
== Example: Running Rider with dotnet & PowerShell ==
Rider has better compatibility when run in FHS mode


Rider package
Rider package<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
 
<syntaxHighlight lang=nix>
pkgs.jetbrains.rider
pkgs.jetbrains.rider
</syntaxHighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>rider-fhs.nix<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
 
{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
dotnet.nix
 
<syntaxHighlight lang=nix>
with import <nixpkgs> {};


mkShell {
(pkgs.buildFHSEnv {
   name = "dotnet-env";
   name = "rider-env";
   packages = [
   targetPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs; [
    (with dotnetCorePackages; combinePackages [
    dotnetCorePackages.dotnet_8.sdk
      sdk_6_0
     dotnetCorePackages.dotnet_8.aspnetcore
      sdk_7_0
      sdk_8_0
     ])
     powershell
     powershell
   ];
   ]);
}
  multiPkgs = pkgs: (with pkgs; [
</syntaxHighlight>
  ]);
 
  runScript = "nohup rider &";
To execute Rider
}).env
 
</syntaxhighlight><syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
<syntaxHighlight lang=bash>
nix-shell ./rider-fhs.nix
nix-shell ./dotnet.nix --run 'nohup rider &'
</syntaxhighlight>This can be added as an alias to your shell if you update the reference to an absolute address, such as location within your home directory. <syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxHighlight>
run-rider = "nix-shell ~/nix/rider-fhs.nix";
 
</syntaxhighlight>
This can be added as an alias to your shell if you update the reference to an absolute address, such as location within your home directory. e.g. `~/nix/dotnet.nix`


== Example: multi-SDK installation with local workload installation enabled ==
== Example: multi-SDK installation with local workload installation enabled ==
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* [https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/unstable/#dotnet dotnet in the nixpkgs manual]
* [https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/unstable/#dotnet dotnet in the nixpkgs manual]
* [https://github.com/search?q=repo%3ANixOS%2Fnixpkgs%20buildDotnetModule&type=code buildDotnetModule references in nixpkgs]
* [https://github.com/search?q=repo%3ANixOS%2Fnixpkgs%20buildDotnetModule&type=code buildDotnetModule references in nixpkgs]
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/NixOS_dotnet NixOS.NET community on Reddit]
* [https://discord.gg/pTpq7Qfs NixOS.NET community on Discord]
* [https://sgt.hootr.club/molten-matter/dotnet-on-nix/ The journey of packaging a .NET app on Nix]
* [https://sgt.hootr.club/molten-matter/dotnet-on-nix/ The journey of packaging a .NET app on Nix]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework - The old, windows-only version of .NET. Newer versions (ie. .NET Core) are multiplatform.
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework - The old, windows-only version of .NET. Newer versions (ie. .NET Core) are multiplatform.
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* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/introduction
* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/introduction


[[Category: Development]]
 
[[Category:Languages]]
Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/DotNET"