Steam: Difference between revisions

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[https://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] is a digital distribution platform for video games, offering a vast library for purchase, download, and management. On NixOS, Steam is generally easy to install and use, often working "out-of-the-box". It supports running many Windows games on Linux through its compatibility layer, Proton.<ref>https://store.steampowered.com/</ref>
[https://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] is a digital distribution platform for video games, offering a vast library for purchase, download, and management. On NixOS, Steam is generally easy to install and use, often working "out-of-the-box". It supports running many Windows games on Linux through its compatibility layer, [[#Proton|Proton]].<ref>https://store.steampowered.com/</ref>
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== Installation == <!--T:2-->
== Installation ==
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==== Shell ==== <!--T:3-->
==== Shell ====
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To temporarily use Steam-related tools like <code>steam-run</code> (for FHS environments) or <code>steamcmd</code> (for server management or tools like steam-tui setup) in a shell environment, you can run:
To temporarily use Steam-related tools like <code>steam-run</code> (for FHS environments) or <code>steamcmd</code> (for server management or tools like steam-tui setup) in a shell environment, you can run:
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<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">
nix-shell -p steam-run # For FHS environment
$ nix-shell -p steam-run # For FHS environment
nix-shell -p steamcmd  # For steamcmd
$ nix-shell -p steamcmd  # For steamcmd
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</syntaxhighlight>
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This provides the tools in your current shell without adding them to your system configuration. For <code>steamcmd</code> to work correctly for some tasks (like initializing for steam-tui), you might need to run it once to generate necessary files, as shown in the `steam-tui` section.
This provides the tools in your current shell without adding them to your system configuration. For <code>steamcmd</code> to work correctly for some tasks (like initializing for steam-tui), you might need to run it once to generate necessary files, as shown in the [[#steam-tui| steam-tui section]].
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==== System setup ==== <!--T:6-->
==== System setup ====
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To install the [[Steam]] package and enable all the system options necessary to allow it to run, add the following to your <code>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</code>:
To install the [[Steam]] package and enable all the system options necessary to allow it to run, add the following to your system configuration:
 
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<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
{{file|/etc/nixos/configuration.nix|nix|
# Example for /etc/nixos/configuration.nix
<nowiki>
programs.steam = {
programs.steam = {
   enable = true;
   enable = true;
  remotePlay.openFirewall = true; # Open ports in the firewall for Steam Remote Play
  dedicatedServer.openFirewall = true; # Open ports in the firewall for Source Dedicated Server
};
};


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# you might consider using the LTS kernel or a known stable version.
# you might consider using the LTS kernel or a known stable version.
# boot.kernelPackages = pkgs.linuxPackages_lts; # Example for LTS
# boot.kernelPackages = pkgs.linuxPackages_lts; # Example for LTS
</syntaxhighlight>
</nowiki>
}}
 
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{{note|Enabling [[steam]] installs several unfree packages. If you are using <code>allowUnfreePredicate</code> you will need to ensure that your configurations permit all of them.
{{note|Enabling [[steam]] installs several [[unfree software|unfree packages]]. If you are using <code>allowUnfreePredicate</code> you will need to ensure that your configurations permit all of them.
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
{
   nixpkgs.config.allowUnfreePredicate = pkg: builtins.elem (lib.getName pkg) [
   nixpkgs.config.allowUnfreePredicate = pkg: builtins.elem (lib.getName pkg) [
     "steam"
     "steam"
     "steam-unwrapped"
     "steam-unwrapped"
   ];
   ];
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
}}
}}


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== Configuration == <!--T:9-->
== Configuration ==
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Basic Steam features can be enabled directly within the <code>programs.steam</code> attribute set:
Basic Steam features can be enabled directly within the {{nixos:option|programs.steam}} attribute set:
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{{file|/etc/nixos/configuration.nix|nix|
<nowiki>
programs.steam = {
programs.steam = {
   enable = true; # Master switch, already covered in installation
   enable = true; # Master switch, already covered in installation
   remotePlay.openFirewall = true;  # For Steam Remote Play
   remotePlay.openFirewall = true;  # Open ports in the firewall for Steam Remote Play
   dedicatedServer.openFirewall = true; # For Source Dedicated Server hosting
   dedicatedServer.openFirewall = true; # Open ports for Source Dedicated Server hosting
   # Other general flags if available can be set here.
   # Other general flags if available can be set here.
  # Tip: For improved gaming performance, you can also enable GameMode:
  # programs.gamemode.enable = true;
};
};
</syntaxhighlight>
# Tip: For improved gaming performance, you can also enable GameMode:
# programs.gamemode.enable = true;
</nowiki>
}}
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If you are using a Steam Controller or a Valve Index, ensure Steam hardware support is enabled. This is typically handled by <code>programs.steam.enable = true;</code> which sets <code>hardware.steam-hardware.enable = true;</code> implicitly. You can verify or explicitly set it if needed:
{{note|If you are using a Steam Controller or a Valve Index, Steam hardware support is implicitly enabled by <code>programs.steam.enable {{=}} true;</code> which sets {{nixos:option|hardware.steam-hardware.enable}} to true.}}
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hardware.steam-hardware.enable = true;
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== Tips and tricks == <!--T:12-->
== Tips and tricks ==
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=== Gamescope Compositor / "Boot to Steam Deck" === <!--T:13-->
=== Gamescope Compositor / "Boot to Steam Deck" ===
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# Clean Quiet Boot
# Clean Quiet Boot
boot.kernelParams = [ "quiet" "splash" "console=/dev/null" ];
boot.kernelParams = [ "quiet" "splash" "console=/dev/null" ];
plymouth.enable = true;
boot.plymouth.enable = true;


programs.gamescope = {
programs.gamescope = {
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   settings = {
   settings = {
     default_session = {
     default_session = {
       command = "${pkgs.gamescope}/bin/gamescope -W 1920 -H 1080 -f -e --xwayland-count 2 --hdr-enabled --hdr-itm-enabled -- steam -pipewire-dmabuf -gamepadui -steamos > /dev/null 2>&1";
       command = "${pkgs.gamescope}/bin/gamescope -W 1920 -H 1080 -f -e --xwayland-count 2 --hdr-enabled --hdr-itm-enabled -- steam -pipewire-dmabuf -gamepadui -steamdeck -steamos3 > /dev/null 2>&1";
       user = "USERNAME_HERE";
       user = "USERNAME_HERE";
     };
     };
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=== Gamescope HDR ===
=== steam-tui ===
In order for HDR to work within gamescope, you need to separately install the <code>gamescope-wsi</code> package alongside enabling the <code>gamescope</code> program.<syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
programs.gamescope = {
  enable = true;
  capSysNice = false;
};
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
  gamescope-wsi # HDR won't work without this
];
</syntaxhighlight>Additionally, it may be necessary to force HDR in gamescope with the argument <code>--hdr-debug-force-output</code> when configuring your game's launch options in steam (see the example below).<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
gamescope -W 3840 -H 2160 -r 120 -f --adaptive-sync --hdr-enabled --hdr-debug-force-output --mangoapp -- %command%
</syntaxhighlight>
 
=== steam-tui === <!--T:15-->
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=== FHS environment only === <!--T:19-->
=== FHS environment only ===
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</syntaxhighlight>
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=== Proton === <!--T:22-->
=== Proton ===
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</syntaxhighlight>
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=== Overriding the Steam package === <!--T:27-->
=== Overriding the Steam package ===
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=== Fix missing icons for games in GNOME dock and activities overview === <!--T:56-->
== Troubleshooting ==
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GNOME uses the window class to determine the icon associated with a window. Steam currently doesn't set the required key for this in its .desktop files<ref>https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/12207</ref>, but you can fix this manually by editing the <code>StartupWMClass</code> key for each game's .desktop file, found under <code>~/.local/share/applications/</code>.
 
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For games running through Proton, the value should be <code>steam_app_<game_id></code> (where <code><game_id></code> matches the value after steam://rungameid/ on the <code>Exec</code> line).
 
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For games running natively, the value should match the game's main executable.
 
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For example, the modified .desktop file for Valheim looks like this:
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<syntaxhighlight lang="desktop">
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Valheim
Comment=Play this game on Steam
Exec=steam steam://rungameid/892970
Icon=steam_icon_892970
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Game;
StartupWMClass=valheim.x86_64
</syntaxhighlight>
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== Troubleshooting == <!--T:31-->
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=== Steam fails to start. What do I do? === <!--T:33-->
=== Steam fails to start. What do I do? ===
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=== Steam is not updated === <!--T:35-->
=== Steam is not updated ===
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=== Game fails to start === <!--T:37-->
=== Game fails to start ===
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Games may fail to start because they lack dependencies (this should be added to the script, for now), or because they cannot be patched. The steps to launch a game directly are:
Games may fail to start because they lack dependencies (this should be added to the script, for now), or because they cannot be patched. The steps to launch a game directly are:
* Patch the script/binary if you can
* Patch the script/binary if you can
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Note: If a game gets stuck on Installing scripts, check for a DXSETUP.EXE process and run it manually, then restart the game launch.
Note: If a game gets stuck on Installing scripts, check for a DXSETUP.EXE process and run it manually, then restart the game launch.
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==== Changing the driver on AMD GPUs <!-- this is not recommended due radv drivers performing better and generally more stable than amdvlk. My suggestion remove this section. source: https://forums.guru3d.com/threads/the-mesa-radv-amdvlk-thread.449774/ -->==== <!--T:40-->
==== Changing the driver on AMD GPUs <!-- this is not recommended due radv drivers performing better and generally more stable than amdvlk. My suggestion remove this section. source: https://forums.guru3d.com/threads/the-mesa-radv-amdvlk-thread.449774/ -->====
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{{note|This is not recommended because radv drivers tend to perform better and are generally more stable than amdvlk.}}
{{note|This is not recommended because radv drivers tend to perform better and are generally more stable than amdvlk.}}
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Sometimes, changing the driver on AMD GPUs helps. To try this, first, install multiple drivers such as radv and amdvlk:
Sometimes, changing the driver on AMD GPUs helps. To try this, first, install multiple drivers such as radv and amdvlk:
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</syntaxhighlight>
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In the presence of both drivers, [[Steam]] will default to amdvlk. The amdvlk driver can be considered more correct regarding Vulkan specification implementation, but less performant than radv. However, this tradeoff between correctness and performance can sometimes make or break the gaming experience.
In the presence of both drivers, [[Steam]] will default to amdvlk. The amdvlk driver can be considered more correct regarding Vulkan specification implementation, but less performant than radv. However, this tradeoff between correctness and performance can sometimes make or break the gaming experience.
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To "reset" your driver to radv when both radv and amdvlk are installed, set either <code>AMD_VULKAN_ICD = "RADV"</code> or <code>VK_ICD_FILENAMES = "/run/opengl-driver/share/vulkan/icd.d/radeon_icd.x86_64.json"</code> environment variable. For example, if you start [[Steam]] from the shell, you can enable radv for the current session by running <code>AMD_VULKAN_ICD="RADV" steam</code>. If you are unsure which driver you currently use, you can launch a game with [https://github.com/flightlessmango/MangoHud MangoHud] enabled, which has the capability to show what driver is currently in use.
To "reset" your driver to radv when both radv and amdvlk are installed, set either <code>AMD_VULKAN_ICD = "RADV"</code> or <code>VK_ICD_FILENAMES = "/run/opengl-driver/share/vulkan/icd.d/radeon_icd.x86_64.json"</code> environment variable. For example, if you start [[Steam]] from the shell, you can enable radv for the current session by running <code>AMD_VULKAN_ICD="RADV" steam</code>. If you are unsure which driver you currently use, you can launch a game with [https://github.com/flightlessmango/MangoHud MangoHud] enabled, which has the capability to show what driver is currently in use.
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=== SteamVR === <!--T:44-->
=== SteamVR ===
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The setcap issue at SteamVR start can be fixed with:
The setcap issue at SteamVR start can be fixed with:
<code>sudo setcap CAP_SYS_NICE+ep ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/SteamVR/bin/linux64/vrcompositor-launcher</code>
<code>sudo setcap CAP_SYS_NICE+ep ~/.local/share/Steam/steamapps/common/SteamVR/bin/linux64/vrcompositor-launcher</code>
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=== Gamescope fails to launch when used within Steam === <!--T:46-->
=== Gamescope fails to launch when used within Steam ===
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Gamescope may fail to start due to missing Xorg libraries. ([https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/214275 #214275]) To resolve this override the steam package to add them:
Gamescope may fail to start due to missing Xorg libraries. ([https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/214275 #214275]) To resolve this override the steam package to add them:
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</syntaxhighlight>
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=== Udev rules for additional Gamepads === <!--T:48-->
=== Udev rules for additional Gamepads ===
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In specific scenarios gamepads, might require some additional configuration in order to function properly in the form of udev rules. This can be achieved with <code>services.udev.extraRules</code>.
In specific scenarios gamepads, might require some additional configuration in order to function properly in the form of udev rules. This can be achieved with <code>services.udev.extraRules</code>.
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The following example is for the 8bitdo Ultimate Bluetooth controller, different controllers will require knowledge of the vendor and product ID for the device:
The following example is for the 8bitdo Ultimate Bluetooth controller, different controllers will require knowledge of the vendor and product ID for the device:
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To find the vendor and product ID of a device [https://search.nixos.org/packages?channel=unstable&show=usbutils&from=0&size=50&sort=relevance&type=packages&query=usbutils usbutils] might be useful
To find the vendor and product ID of a device [https://search.nixos.org/packages?channel=unstable&show=usbutils&from=0&size=50&sort=relevance&type=packages&query=usbutils usbutils] might be useful
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=== Known issues === <!--T:52-->
=== Known issues ===
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"Project Zomboid" may report "couldn't determine 32/64 bit of java". This is not related to java at all, it carries its own outdated java binary that refuses to start if path contains non-Latin characters. Check for errors by directly starting local java binary within <code>steam-run bash</code>.
"Project Zomboid" may report "couldn't determine 32/64 bit of java". This is not related to java at all, it carries its own outdated java binary that refuses to start if path contains non-Latin characters. Check for errors by directly starting local java binary within <code>steam-run bash</code>.


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Resetting your password through the [[Steam]] app may fail at the CAPTCHA step repeatedly, with [[Steam]] itself reporting that the CAPTCHA was not correct, even though the CAPTCHA UI shows success. Resetting password through the [[Steam]] website should work around that.
Resetting your password through the [[Steam]] app may fail at the CAPTCHA step repeatedly, with [[Steam]] itself reporting that the CAPTCHA was not correct, even though the CAPTCHA UI shows success. Resetting password through the [[Steam]] website should work around that.
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== References == <!--T:54-->
== References ==
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[[Category:Applications]]
[[Category:Applications]]
[[Category:Gaming]]
[[Category:Gaming]]