Translations:Nix (package manager)/1/zh-hans: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:45, 26 September 2025

Message definition (Nix (package manager))

Nix is a package manager and build system that parses reproducible build instructions specified in the [[$1|Nix Expression Language]], a pure functional language with lazy evaluation. Nix expressions are pure functions<ref>Values cannot change during computation. Functions always produce the same output if their input does not change.</ref> taking dependencies as arguments and producing a ''[[$2|derivation]]'' specifying a reproducible build environment for the package. Nix stores the results of the build in unique addresses specified by a hash of the complete dependency tree, creating an immutable package store (aka the [[#Nix store|nix store]]) that allows for atomic upgrades, rollbacks and concurrent installation of different versions of a package, essentially eliminating [[$3|dependency hell]].

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Disambiguation: 本条目介绍的是Nix包管理器。请勿与Nix生态系统、Nix（语言）或Nix（命令）混淆。

Nix是一个包管理器和构建系统，它解析由Nix表达式语言 (一种惰性求值的纯函数式语言) 指定的可复现的构建指令。Nix表达式是纯函数^[1]，它接受依赖作为参数，并为该软件包生成一个指定可复现构建环境的derivation。Nix把构建结果存储在由整个依赖树的哈希值指定的唯一地址，从而创建一个不可变的包存储 (即nix store)，使得原子升级、回滚、同时安装同一软件包的不同版本成为可能，从根本上消除了依赖地狱。

↑ 值在计算过程中不会改变。当输入不变时，函数总是得到相同的输出。

[1] 值在计算过程中不会改变。当输入不变时，函数总是得到相同的输出。

[1]

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