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Revision as of 02:57, 21 July 2024

Other languages:

Vim (vi improved) is a highly configurable modal text editor program for the terminal.

インストール

Basic Install

  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ vim ];

もしくは 

  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ vim_configurable ];

Using Home Manager

Vim can easily be set up using Home Manager. Here's a minimal example: 

  programs.vim = {
    enable = true;
    plugins = with pkgs.vimPlugins; [ vim-airline ];
    settings = { ignorecase = true; };
    extraConfig = ''
      set mouse=a
    '';
  };

See [1] for the full set of options.

Vim Spell Files

You can configure home-manager to install spelling files into your user directory by packaging individual spell files. Here' an example for neovim and French: 

let
nvim-spell-fr-utf8-dictionary = builtins.fetchurl {
  url = "http://ftp.vim.org/vim/runtime/spell/fr.utf-8.spl";
  sha256 = "abfb9702b98d887c175ace58f1ab39733dc08d03b674d914f56344ef86e63b61";
};
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nvim-spell-fr-utf8-suggestions = builtins.fetchurl {
  url = "http://ftp.vim.org/vim/runtime/spell/fr.utf-8.sug";
  sha256 = "0294bc32b42c90bbb286a89e23ca3773b7ef50eff1ab523b1513d6a25c6b3f58";
};
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nvim-spell-fr-latin1-dictionary = builtins.fetchurl {
  url = "http://ftp.vim.org/vim/runtime/spell/fr.latin1.spl";
  sha256 = "086ccda0891594c93eab143aa83ffbbd25d013c1b82866bbb48bb1cb788cc2ff";
};
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nvim-spell-fr-latin1-suggestions = builtins.fetchurl {
  url = "http://ftp.vim.org/vim/runtime/spell/fr.latin1.sug";
  sha256 = "5cb2c97901b9ca81bf765532099c0329e2223c139baa764058822debd2e0d22a";
};
in
{
  home.file."${config.xdg.configHome}/nvim/spell/fr.utf-8.spl".source = nvim-spell-fr-utf8-dictionary;
  home.file."${config.xdg.configHome}/nvim/spell/fr.utf-8.sug".source = nvim-spell-fr-utf8-suggestions;
  home.file."${config.xdg.configHome}/nvim/spell/fr.latin1.spl".source = nvim-spell-fr-latin1-dictionary;
  home.file."${config.xdg.configHome}/nvim/spell/fr.latin1.sug".source = nvim-spell-fr-latin1-suggestions;
}

NeoVim with Coc for Python

For NeoVim use this home manager config: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/98166#issuecomment-725319238

System wide vim/nvim configuration

If you want a system wide "baseline" configuration for vim/nvim here are two examples:. 

{ pkgs, ... }:
{
  environment.variables = { EDITOR = "vim"; };
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environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
    ((vim_configurable.override {  }).customize{
      name = "vim";
      # Install plugins for example for syntax highlighting of nix files
      vimrcConfig.packages.myplugins = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
        start = [ vim-nix vim-lastplace ];
        opt = [];
      };
      vimrcConfig.customRC = ''
        " your custom vimrc
        set nocompatible
        set backspace=indent,eol,start
        " Turn on syntax highlighting by default
        syntax on
        " ...
      '';
    }
  )];
}

{ pkgs, ... }:
{
  environment.variables = { EDITOR = "vim"; };
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environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
    (neovim.override {
      vimAlias = true;
      extraConfig = ''
        " your custom vimrc
        set nocompatible
        set backspace=indent,eol,start
        " ...
      '';
      configure = {
        packages.myPlugins = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
          start = [ vim-lastplace vim-nix ]; 
          opt = [];
        };
      };
    }
  )];
}

import these in your configuration.nix and 

{    
  imports =    
    [
      ./vim.nix
    ];
  # ...
}

Custom setup without using Home Manager

Note: To get a general overview about how to set up your vim in nix, refer to mpscholten's blog

Vim plugins can be installed with the help of nix. You can omit using vim plugin managers and do everything in your .nixpkgs/config.

A lot of documentation about package management and configuration of vim in nix is stored at [2] in nixpkgs.

Customizations

Both vim and neovim can be further configured to include your favorite plugins and additional libraries. To list all available vim plugins, run nix search nixpkgs#vimPlugins.

Add the following code to your ~/.nixpkgs/config.nix: 

{
  packageOverrides = pkgs: with pkgs; {
    myVim = vim_configurable.customize {
      name = "vim-with-plugins";
      # add here code from the example section
    };
    myNeovim = neovim.override {
      configure = {
        customRC = ''
          # here your custom configuration goes!
        '';
        packages.myVimPackage = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
          # see examples below how to use custom packages
          start = [ ];
          opt = [ ];
        }; 
      };     
    };
  };
}

After that you can install your special grafted `myVim` or `myNeovim` packages.

Examples

Apply custom vimrc configuration

NB: you must use vimrcConfig.customRC rather than installing a ~/.vimrc by hand, since the customized Vim will silently ignore any vimrc in your home directory. 

vim_configurable.customize {
  name = "vim-with-plugins";
  # add custom .vimrc lines like this:
  vimrcConfig.customRC = ''
    set hidden
    set colorcolumn=80 
  '';
}

If you need to run code before plugins are added, you can use vimrcConfig.beforePlugins (be sure to include set nocompatible if you override the default value).

Using vim's builtin packaging capability

vim_configurable.customize {
  vimrcConfig.packages.myVimPackage = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
    # loaded on launch
    start = [ YouCompleteMe fugitive ];
    # manually loadable by calling `:packadd $plugin-name`
    opt = [ phpCompletion elm-vim ];
    # To automatically load a plugin when opening a filetype, add vimrc lines like:
    # autocmd FileType php :packadd phpCompletion
  }
};

Note that dynamically loading with opt may be buggy and the workaround is to use start instead.

Using Pathogen as manager

There is a pathogen implementation as well, but its startup is slower and [VAM] has more features. 

vimrcConfig.pathogen.knownPlugins = vimPlugins; # optional
vimrcConfig.pathogen.pluginNames = [ "vim-addon-nix" "youcompleteme" ];

Using Vim-Plug as manager

vimrcConfig.plug.plugins = with pkgs.vimPlugins; [vim-addon-nix youcompleteme];

Adding new plugins

As per the instructions found in https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/doc/languages-frameworks/vim.section.md

  • First run ./update.py.
  • Commit the changes with the commit message "vimPlugins: Update".
  • Add your plugin to ./vim-plugin-names (please try to maintain the list alphabetically sorted). You can customize the branch by appending for example @main to an entry (search the file for examples)
  • Run ./update.py once again to generate the plugin's nix expression.
  • Commit your changes one more time, this time with the message formated as such: "vimPlugins.[plugin-name]: init at [version]".
  • If you need to add additional code/patches to the generated code, add those lines to pkgs/misc/vim-plugins/vim2nix/additional-nix-code and rerun ./update.py. They will be included in the generated code.

Notes Regarding Plugins

For additional info, you may wish to look at documentation on the nixpkgs repository.

Add a new custom plugin to the users packages

Sometimes you do not want to change upstream plugins, for this you can use vimUtils.buildVimPlugin to create your own: 

let
  vim-better-whitespace = pkgs.vimUtils.buildVimPlugin {
    name = "vim-better-whitespace";
    src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
      owner = "ntpeters";
      repo = "vim-better-whitespace";
      rev = "984c8da518799a6bfb8214e1acdcfd10f5f1eed7";
      sha256 = "10l01a8xaivz6n01x6hzfx7gd0igd0wcf9ril0sllqzbq7yx2bbk";
    };
  };
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in {
  users.users.<yourNickname>.packages = [
    (pkgs.vim_configurable.customize {
      vimrcConfig.packages.myVimPackage = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
        start = [ vim-better-whitespace ];
      };
    })
  ];
};

Using flake

configuration.nix: 

{ inputs, ... }:
{
  nixpkgs = {
    overlays = [
      (self: super:
        let
          winresizer-vim = super.vimUtils.buildVimPlugin {
            name = "winresizer-vim";
            src = inputs.winresizer-vim;
          };
        in
        {
          vimPlugins =
            super.vimPlugins // {
              inherit winresizer-vim;
            };
        }
      )
    ];
  };

flake.nix: 

{
  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-22.05";
    winresizer-vim = {
      url = "github:simeji/winresizer";
      flake = false;
    };
  };
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outputs = inputs@{ nixpkgs, ... }: {
    nixosConfigurations.nixos = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
      system = "x86_64-linux";
      specialArgs = { inherit inputs; };
      modules = [
        ./configuration.nix
        ./hardware-configuration.nix
        { nix.registry.nixpkgs.flake = nixpkgs; }
      ];
    };
  };
}

Then we can update the package with nix flake lock --update-input winresizer-vim, or update all inputs in flake.nix with nix flake update.

Vim as a Python IDE

The following snippet will make a full featured python IDE.

Using language client

vim_configurable.customize {
  vimrcConfig = {
    customRC = ''
      let g:LanguageClient_serverCommands = {
        \ 'python': ['pyls']
        \ }
       nnoremap <F5> :call LanguageClient_contextMenu()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> gh :call LanguageClient_textDocument_hover()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> gd :call LanguageClient_textDocument_definition()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> gr :call LanguageClient_textDocument_references()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> gs :call LanguageClient_textDocument_documentSymbol()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> <F2> :call LanguageClient_textDocument_rename()<CR>
       nnoremap <silent> gf :call LanguageClient_textDocument_formatting()<CR>
    '';
    packages.myVimPackage = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
      start = [ LanguageClient-neovim ];
    }
};

Then put the following expression in environment.systemPackages or in the home-manager package list, to install python-language-server: 

(python3.withPackages(ps: [
  ps.python-language-server
  # the following plugins are optional, they provide type checking, import sorting and code formatting
  ps.pyls-mypy ps.pyls-isort ps.pyls-black
]))

Real life examples

YouCompleteMe

Currently the youcompleteme plugin uses unwrapped clang on linux. This causes it to not find stdlib.h. There is a workaround you can put in your .ycm_extra_conf.py file, which works by executing the C/C++ compiler and getting it to output the list of search paths - which includes the search path to find stdlib.h.

A better alternative to youcompleteme for C/C++ is to use cquery in combination with the LanguageClient-neovim. It will also find in c header files when used in a nix-shell if you install cquery from nixpkgs as it uses a custom shell wrapper

Python 3 support for vim

If you have defined your vim configuration in a `./my_vim.nix` file you can install vim with the python 3 support instead of python2 by overriding the python version like the following: 

(pkgs.callPackage ./my_vim.nix {                                                                                                                                                          
      vim_configurable = vim_configurable.override { python = python3; };                                                                                                                     
})

gvim and gview

gvim and gview may be installed using the vimHugeX attribute name (package name vim_configurable). 

$ nix-env -iA nixos.vimHugeX

If you are using vim_configurable.customize, you can enable wrapGui to make gvim available, though this won't give you gview: 

vim_configured = pkgs.vim_configurable.customize {
  name = "vim";
  wrapGui = true;
};
Retrieved from "https://wiki.nixos.org/w/index.php?title=Vim/ja&oldid=14985"