Nvidia

Card type

MXM / output-providing card (shows as VGA Controller in lspci), i.e. graphics card in desktop computer or in some laptops
muxless/non-MXM Optimus cards have no display outputs and show as 3D Controller in lspci output, seen in most modern consumer laptops

Non-optimus mode

You need MXM card. Follow NVIDIA Graphics Cards section in official manual.

In case of laptop you may also need to use a BIOS option to select which card to use for the internal display.

Optimus

Mostly useful for laptops. There are currently two solutions available under NixOS:

Bumblebee

Unofficial solution.

Pros:
- works out of the box, just start the game via the primusrun or optirun wrapper
- works under existing X11 server

Cons:
- some performance penalties, running under wayland decreases performance even more
- things like Vulkan, CUDA and OpenCL are problematic to configure

Use option

hardware.bumblebee.enable = true;

Nvidia PRIME

Official solution by nvidia.

static mode

In this mode nvidia card is turned on constantly, having impact on laptop battery and health.

Pros:
- better performance than Bumblebee
- out of box experience
- works under existing X11 server

Cons:
- nvidia is turned on constantly
- no wayland support

Firstly you need to enable the proprietary nvidia driver

/etc/nixos/configuration.nix

{
  services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidia" ];
  ...

Note that on certain laptops and/or if you are using a custom kernel version, you may have issues with your NixOS system finding the primary display. In this case you should also specify intel in videoDrivers as well, i.e.

/etc/nixos/configuration.nix

{
  services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "intel" "nvidia" ];
  ...

Then you need to setup the Bus ID's of the cards as seen below.

Note: Bus ID is important and needs to be formatted properly

The Nvidia driver expects the bus ID to be in decimal format; However, lspci shows the bus IDs in hexadecimal format.

You can convert the value by

Stripping any leading zeros from the bus numbers or if the number is above 09, convert it to decimal and use that value.
Replacing any full stops with colons.
Prefix the final value with "PCI".

For example:

Output from lspci

09:1f.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1f91 (rev a1)

Converted and correct format

PCI:9:31:0

/etc/nixos/configuration.nix

  ...
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.enable = true;
  # Bus ID of the NVIDIA GPU. You can find it using lspci, either under 3D or VGA
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.nvidiaBusId = "PCI:1:0:0";
  # Bus ID of the Intel GPU. You can find it using lspci, either under 3D or VGA
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.intelBusId = "PCI:0:2:0";
 
}

An example of a final configuration is below

/etc/nixos/configuration.nix

{
  services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "intel" "nvidia" ];
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.enable = true;
  # Bus ID of the NVIDIA GPU. You can find it using lspci, either under 3D or VGA
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.nvidiaBusId = "PCI:1:0:0";
  # Bus ID of the Intel GPU. You can find it using lspci, either under 3D or VGA
  hardware.nvidia.optimus_prime.intelBusId = "PCI:0:2:0";
}

non-NixOS case

The nixGL project provides wrapper to use GL drivers outside of NixOS. You need to have nvidia drivers installed on your distro (for kernel modules). Then supply nvidia driver version you use on host system to nixGL.

CUDA

There some possible ways to setup a development environment using CUDA on NixOS. This can accomplished in the following ways:

By making a FHS user env

cuda-fsh.nix

{ pkgs ? import &lt;nixpkgs&gt; {} }:

let fhs = pkgs.buildFHSUserEnv {
        name = "cuda-env";
        targetPkgs = pkgs: with pkgs;
               [ git
                 gitRepo
                 gnupg
                 autoconf
                 curl
                 procps
                 gnumake
                 utillinux
                 m4
                 gperf
                 unzip
                 cudatoolkit
                 linuxPackages.nvidia_x11
                 libGLU_combined
		 xorg.libXi xorg.libXmu freeglut
                 xorg.libXext xorg.libX11 xorg.libXv xorg.libXrandr zlib 
		 ncurses5
		 stdenv.cc
		 binutils
                ];
          multiPkgs = pkgs: with pkgs; [ zlib ];
          runScript = "bash";
          profile = ''
                  export CUDA_PATH=${pkgs.cudatoolkit}
                  # export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${pkgs.linuxPackages.nvidia_x11}/lib
		  export EXTRA_LDFLAGS="-L/lib -L${pkgs.linuxPackages.nvidia_x11}/lib"
		  export EXTRA_CCFLAGS="-I/usr/include"
            '';
          };
in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
   name = "cuda-env-shell";
   nativeBuildInputs = [ fhs ];
   shellHook = "exec cuda-env";
}

By making a nix-shell

cuda-shell.nix

{ pkgs ? import &lt;nixpkgs&gt; {} }:

pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
   name = "cuda-env-shell";
   buildInputs = with pkgs;
                  [ git gitRepo gnupg autoconf curl
                    procps gnumake utillinux m4 gperf unzip
                    cudatoolkit linuxPackages.nvidia_x11
                    libGLU_combined
                    xorg.libXi xorg.libXmu freeglut
                    xorg.libXext xorg.libX11 xorg.libXv xorg.libXrandr zlib 
                    ncurses5 stdenv.cc binutils
                   ];
   shellHook = ''
      export CUDA_PATH=${pkgs.cudatoolkit}
      # export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${pkgs.linuxPackages.nvidia_x11}/lib:${pkgs.ncurses5}/lib
		  export EXTRA_LDFLAGS="-L/lib -L${pkgs.linuxPackages.nvidia_x11}/lib"
		  export EXTRA_CCFLAGS="-I/usr/include"
   '';          
}