Nix ecosystem/ja: Difference between revisions

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Nixエコシステムの中核をなすものは再現可能なビルドと宣言的な設定、依存関係を含むパッケージやシステムの宣言的な管理ができるように設計された技術の集合です。これはプログラムにおける関数型のパラダイムをシステム領域に応用することで実現することができ、そのために再現可能なビルドのために設計された動的型付けで非正格な関数型のDSL、[[Overview of the Nix Language|Nix言語]]を採用しています。

Nixエコシステムの中核をなすものは再現可能なビルドと宣言的な設定、依存関係を含むパッケージやシステムの宣言的な管理ができるように設計された技術の集合です。これはプログラムにおける関数型のパラダイムをシステム領域に応用することで実現でき、そのために再現可能なビルドのために設計された動的型付けで非正格な関数型のDSL、[[Overview of the Nix Language|Nix言語]]を採用しています。

~~<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">~~

さらに、多くの[[applications]]('''''拡張Nixエコシステム''''')がNixのコミュニティによって開発されており、これらの核となる技術を使用し、サポートしています。

~~In addition there are many other~~ [[applications]] ('''''~~Extended Nix Ecosystem)~~''''' ~~developed by the Nix community, utilizing and supporting these core technologies.~~

~~</div>~~

<~~div lang~~="~~en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr~~">

== ~~Official ecosystem~~ ==

== 公式エコシステム ==

~~</div>~~

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{| style="max-width: 36rem; margin: auto;"

|+'''The NixOS core ecosystem stack'''

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid ~~#ddd~~; background: ~~#fafafa~~; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

<div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">NixOS</div>

A Linux distribution and configuration system built using Nixpkgs

A Linux distribution and configuration system built using Nixpkgs.

!

|-

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid ~~#ddd~~; background: ~~#fafafa~~; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

<div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">Nixpkgs</div>

A large, community-maintained repository of packages

A large, community-maintained repository of packages.

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid ~~#ddd~~; background: ~~#fafafa~~; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|

<div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">Hydra</div>

A continuous build system built on Nix

A continuous build system built on Nix.

|-

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid ~~#ddd~~; background: ~~#fafafa~~; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%" colspan="2"|

|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%" colspan="2"|

A pure and functional build system

A pure and functional build system.

|}

</div>

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== Usage of NixOS ==

Users install the ''NixOS'' distribution on their computers just as any other Linux distribution. They read about packages to install and configuration options in ''~~Nixpgs~~'' via https://search.nixos.org and this wiki. They use the ''Nix'' language to declaratively describe in a text file what software packages should be installed and how the system should be configured. They run 2 command line programs in a terminal to transform the system into the described system. They use the system as any other Linux system.

Users install the ''NixOS'' distribution on their computers just as any other Linux distribution. They read about packages to install and configuration options in ''Nixpkgs'' via https://search.nixos.org and this wiki. They use the ''Nix'' language to declaratively describe in a text file what software packages should be installed and how the system should be configured. They run 2 command line programs in a terminal to transform the system into the described system. They use the system as any other Linux system.

</div>

== NixOSの開発 ==

''NixOS'' の開発者は主に ''Nixpkgs'' で活動しており、ソフトウェアのビルド手順を ''Nix'' 言語を用いてテキストファイルに記述します。変更はレビューののち ''Nixpkgs'' にマージされます。パッケージのいくつかは ''NixOS'' ユーザーのアップデートに要する時間を削減するために ''Hydra'' によって事前にビルドされます。

</div>

~~== Development of NixOS ==~~

* Packaging is done in ''Nixpkgs'' and is not exclusive to ''NixOS'' or even Linux-based platforms. Maintainers of packages which are not exclusive to ''NixOS'' (such as tooling required to run the distribution itself) usually take care of multiple platforms although not strictly required.

~~Developers of ''NixOS'' mainly work on~~ ''Nixpkgs'' to ~~describe in text files in~~ ''~~Nix~~'' ~~language how software packages should be build~~. ~~After peer review these changes are integrated in ''Nixpkgs''. Some~~ of ~~these~~ packages are ~~pre built on~~ ''~~Hydra~~'' to ~~reduce~~ the ~~update time for ''NixOS'' users~~.

</div>

* The module system is the way in which services running on ''NixOS'' are primarily configured. This area stretches from "low-level" configuration such as ''systemd'' unit files or providing custom kernel configuration up to configuration file generation for specific services. The module system is the primary way for users to configure ''NixOS'', and lives in the <code>nixos/</code> subdirector of ''Nixpkgs''.

</div>

* Documentation is largely embedded in packaging and module system data, although free-standing markdown files are also contained in the ''Nixpkgs'' repository. Documentation also includes maintaining the website, Wiki, and other aspects of the wider ecosystem. The first two categories are almost exclusively ''Nix'' language code written in text files, while the latter is a mix of ''Nix'' code, markdown files, and various other formats.

</div>

All contributions to ''Nixpkgs'', regardless of whether they affect ''NixOS'' or not, are subject to peer review before being integrated into ''Nixpkgs''. Many packages alongside documentation and supplementary materials such as ISOs or tarballs are pre built on ''Hydra'' to reduce the update time for ''NixOS'' users.

</div>

Those three categories are largest by contribution volume, however many maintainers also engage in activities surrounding the NixOS foundation, maintaining the infrastructure on which website, ''Hydra'', and other tools run on, or developing tooling required for NixOS.

</div>

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Various examples of ''NixOS'' development along with links.

! Type of development !! Location of Development !! Examples

|-

| Platform Agnostic Packaging || ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/bf3287dac860542719fe7554e21e686108716879/pkgs/tools/misc/coreutils/default.nix coreutils package], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/stdenv ''stdenv'' framework], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/applications/office/libreoffice/default.nix Libreoffice package]

|-

| Platform Agnostic Tooling || ''Nixpkgs'' and various repositories || [https://github.com/NixOS/nix upstream/default Nix implementation (CppNix)], [https://github.com/NixOS/hydra ''Hydra'' source code], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-merge-bot ''Nixpkgs'' merge bot]

|-

| ''NixOS'' Tooling || mostly ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/by-name/ni/nixos-rebuild-ng nixos-rebuild-ng source code], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/nixos/modules/installer/cd-dvd/installation-cd-minimal.nix ''NixOS'' Installation ISOs]

|-

| ''NixOS'' Module System || ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/display-managers/default.nix Display Manager configuration], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/databases/mysql.nix MySQL (and derivative) database configuration]

|-

| Infrastructure || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixos-wiki-infra Infrastructure for this Wiki], [https://github.com/NixOS/infra ''NixOS'' infra]

|-

| Documentation || || [https://wiki.nixos.org This Wiki], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/8d92119c540d78599ba208010c722a60958810f4/doc/stdenv/stdenv.chapter.md ''stdenv'' documentation], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/doc/manual/configuration/ipv6-config.section.md ''NixOS'' IPv6 configuration] (visible in the [https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-ipv6 IPv6 section of the ''NixOS'' manual]), [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md ''Nixpkgs'' Contribution Guidelines]

|-

| Tech Organisation || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/390768 ''NixOS'' RelEng], [https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/ ''Nix'' and ''NixOS'' RFCs]

|-

| Other || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixos-artwork ''NixOS'' artwork], [https://discourse.nixos.org/ ''NixOS'' (and related) discourse], [https://github.com/NixOS/foundation ''NixOS Foundation'']

|}

</div>

See also: [https://github.com/NixOS/org Nix organisation repository]

</div>

[[Category:Pedias]]

[[Category:NixOS]]

[[Category:nix]]

~~</div>~~

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <languages/>
-Nixエコシステムの中核をなすものは再現可能なビルドと宣言的な設定、依存関係を含むパッケージやシステムの宣言的な管理ができるように設計された技術の集合です。これはプログラムにおける関数型のパラダイムをシステム領域に応用することで実現することができ、そのために再現可能なビルドのために設計された動的型付けで非正格な関数型のDSL、[[Overview of the Nix Language|Nix言語]]を採用しています。
+Nixエコシステムの中核をなすものは再現可能なビルドと宣言的な設定、依存関係を含むパッケージやシステムの宣言的な管理ができるように設計された技術の集合です。これはプログラムにおける関数型のパラダイムをシステム領域に応用することで実現でき、そのために再現可能なビルドのために設計された動的型付けで非正格な関数型のDSL、[[Overview of the Nix Language|Nix言語]]を採用しています。
-<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+さらに、多くの[[applications]]('''''拡張Nixエコシステム''''')がNixのコミュニティによって開発されており、これらの核となる技術を使用し、サポートしています。
-In addition there are many other [[applications]] ('''''Extended Nix Ecosystem)''''' developed by the Nix community, utilizing and supporting these core technologies.
-</div>
-<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+<span id="Official_ecosystem"></span>
-== Official ecosystem ==
+== 公式エコシステム ==
-</div>
 <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
@@ Line 49: / Line 46: @@
 {| style="max-width: 36rem; margin: auto;"
 |+'''The NixOS core ecosystem stack'''
-|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #fafafa; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
+|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
 <div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">NixOS</div>
-A Linux distribution and configuration system built using Nixpkgs
+A Linux distribution and configuration system built using Nixpkgs.
 !
 |-
-|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #fafafa; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
+|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
 <div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">Nixpkgs</div>
-A large, community-maintained repository of packages
+A large, community-maintained repository of packages.
-|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #fafafa; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
+|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%"|
 <div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">Hydra</div>
-A continuous build system built on Nix
+A continuous build system built on Nix.
 |-
-|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #fafafa; padding: 1.6rem" width="2%" colspan="2"|
+|style="text-align: center; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base); background: var(--background-color-neutral); padding: 1.6rem" width="2%" colspan="2"|
 <div style="font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: bold">Nix</div>
-A pure and functional build system
+A pure and functional build system.
 |}
 </div>
@@ Line 69: / Line 66: @@
 <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
 == Usage of NixOS ==
-Users install the ''NixOS'' distribution on their computers just as any other Linux distribution. They read about packages to install and configuration options in ''Nixpgs'' via https://search.nixos.org and this wiki. They use the ''Nix'' language to declaratively describe in a text file what software packages should be installed and how the system should be configured. They run 2 command line programs in a terminal to transform the system into the described system. They use the system as any other Linux system.
+Users install the ''NixOS'' distribution on their computers just as any other Linux distribution. They read about packages to install and configuration options in ''Nixpkgs'' via https://search.nixos.org and this wiki. They use the ''Nix'' language to declaratively describe in a text file what software packages should be installed and how the system should be configured. They run 2 command line programs in a terminal to transform the system into the described system. They use the system as any other Linux system.
+</div>
+<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
+== NixOSの開発 ==
+''NixOS'' の開発者は主に ''Nixpkgs'' で活動しており、ソフトウェアのビルド手順を ''Nix'' 言語を用いてテキストファイルに記述します。変更はレビューののち ''Nixpkgs'' にマージされます。 パッケージのいくつかは ''NixOS'' ユーザーのアップデートに要する時間を削減するために ''Hydra'' によって事前にビルドされます。
 </div>
 <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
-== Development of NixOS ==
+* Packaging is done in ''Nixpkgs'' and is not exclusive to ''NixOS'' or even Linux-based platforms. Maintainers of packages which are not exclusive to ''NixOS'' (such as tooling required to run the distribution itself) usually take care of multiple platforms although not strictly required.
-Developers of ''NixOS'' mainly work on ''Nixpkgs'' to describe in text files in ''Nix'' language how software packages should be build. After peer review these changes are integrated in ''Nixpkgs''. Some of these packages are pre built on ''Hydra'' to reduce the update time for ''NixOS'' users.
 </div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+* The module system is the way in which services running on ''NixOS'' are primarily configured. This area stretches from "low-level" configuration such as ''systemd'' unit files or providing custom kernel configuration up to configuration file generation for specific services. The module system is the primary way for users to configure ''NixOS'', and lives in the <code>nixos/</code> subdirector of ''Nixpkgs''.
+</div>
 <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+* Documentation is largely embedded in packaging and module system data, although free-standing markdown files are also contained in the ''Nixpkgs'' repository. Documentation also includes maintaining the website, Wiki, and other aspects of the wider ecosystem. The first two categories are almost exclusively ''Nix'' language code written in text files, while the latter is a mix of ''Nix'' code, markdown files, and various other formats.
+</div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+All contributions to ''Nixpkgs'', regardless of whether they affect ''NixOS'' or not, are subject to peer review before being integrated into ''Nixpkgs''. Many packages alongside documentation and supplementary materials such as ISOs or tarballs are pre built on ''Hydra'' to reduce the update time for ''NixOS'' users.
+</div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+Those three categories are largest by contribution volume, however many maintainers also engage in activities surrounding the NixOS foundation, maintaining the infrastructure on which website, ''Hydra'', and other tools run on, or developing tooling required for NixOS.
+</div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+ Various examples of ''NixOS'' development along with links.
+! Type of development !! Location of Development !! Examples
+|-
+| Platform Agnostic Packaging || ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/bf3287dac860542719fe7554e21e686108716879/pkgs/tools/misc/coreutils/default.nix coreutils package], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/stdenv ''stdenv'' framework], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/applications/office/libreoffice/default.nix Libreoffice package]
+|-
+| Platform Agnostic Tooling || ''Nixpkgs'' and various repositories || [https://github.com/NixOS/nix upstream/default Nix implementation (CppNix)], [https://github.com/NixOS/hydra ''Hydra'' source code], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs-merge-bot ''Nixpkgs'' merge bot]
+|-
+| ''NixOS'' Tooling || mostly ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/pkgs/by-name/ni/nixos-rebuild-ng nixos-rebuild-ng source code], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/5fe6820251dfab92c84ff356a7c7c336f8d8490c/nixos/modules/installer/cd-dvd/installation-cd-minimal.nix ''NixOS'' Installation ISOs]
+|-
+| ''NixOS'' Module System || ''Nixpkgs'' || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/display-managers/default.nix Display Manager configuration], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/databases/mysql.nix MySQL (and derivative) database configuration]
+|-
+| Infrastructure || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixos-wiki-infra Infrastructure for this Wiki], [https://github.com/NixOS/infra ''NixOS'' infra]
+|-
+| Documentation || || [https://wiki.nixos.org This Wiki], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/8d92119c540d78599ba208010c722a60958810f4/doc/stdenv/stdenv.chapter.md ''stdenv'' documentation], [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/doc/manual/configuration/ipv6-config.section.md ''NixOS'' IPv6 configuration] (visible in the [https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-ipv6 IPv6 section of the ''NixOS'' manual]), [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md ''Nixpkgs'' Contribution Guidelines]
+|-
+| Tech Organisation || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/390768 ''NixOS'' RelEng], [https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/ ''Nix'' and ''NixOS'' RFCs]
+|-
+| Other || || [https://github.com/NixOS/nixos-artwork ''NixOS'' artwork], [https://discourse.nixos.org/ ''NixOS'' (and related) discourse], [https://github.com/NixOS/foundation ''NixOS Foundation'']
+|}
+</div>
+<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+See also: [https://github.com/NixOS/org Nix organisation repository]
+</div>
 [[Category:Pedias]]
 [[Category:NixOS]]
 [[Category:nix]]
-</div>