Neovim

Neovim

Text Editor Application

Developer(s)	Neovim Core Team & Community
Latest release	Nvim 0.11.2 (May 30, 2025)
Status	Active
Operating System	Cross-platform (Linux, macOS, Windows)
Platform(s)	Desktop
Language(s)	C, Lua, Vim Script
License	Apache 2.0 (with parts under Vim license)
External links
Website	neovim.io
GitHub	neovim/neovim
Bug tracker	GitHub Issues
Documentation	Official Documentation

另见: Vim

Neovim is a highly extensible and open source text editor that aims to improve upon and modernize the popular Vim editor. It's designed to be a drop-in replacement for Vim, maintaining compatibility with most Vim plugins and configurations while offering additional features and improvements. Neovim focuses on extensibility, usability, and performance.

它引入了强大的插件架构，支持异步插件执行，这可以显著提升某些操作的性能。它还内置了终端模拟器，允许用户直接在编辑器中运行 shell 命令。该项目注重代码质量和可维护性，拥有简洁且文档完善的代码库，方便开发者贡献代码。

安装

Shell

要在不修改系统配置的情况下临时在 shell 环境中使用 Neovim，您可以运行：

$ nix-shell -p neovim

这样就能在当前 shell 中使用 Neovim 编辑器了。之后，您可以通过输入 nvim 来启动 Neovim。

系统设置

要在系统范围内安装 Neovim，使其可供所有用户使用，请将以下内容添加到您的配置中：

# /etc/nixos/configuration.nix 示例
environment.systemPackages = [
  pkgs.neovim
];

# 单用户安装（位于 ~/.config/nixpkgs/home.nix）
home.packages = [
  pkgs.neovim
];

使用 nixos-rebuild switch 或 home-manager switch 重建系统后，Neovim 将被安装且可使用。

配置

基础

# 全局配置
programs.neovim = {
   enable = true;
   defaultEditor = true;
};

# 单用户配置
programs.neovim = {
  enable = true;
  extraConfig = ''
    set number relativenumber
  '';
};

进阶

# 全局配置
programs.neovim = {
  enable = true;
  defaultEditor = true;
  viAlias = true;
  vimAlias = true;
  configure = {
    customRC = ''
      set number
      set cc=80
      set list
      set listchars=tab:→\ ,space:·,nbsp:␣,trail:•,eol:¶,precedes:«,extends:»
      if &diff
        colorscheme blue
      endif
    '';
    packages.myVimPackage = with pkgs.vimPlugins; {
      start = [ ctrlp ];
    };
  };
};

# 单用户配置
# 您需要添加以下代码行，将其设置为默认编辑器：
programs.neovim.defaultEditor = true;

小技巧

☶︎

This article or section needs to be expanded. Further information may be found in the related discussion page. Please consult the pedia article metapage for guidelines on contributing.

Package Variations

Have a look at the Neovim Nightly Overlay to install the most recent current nightly version of Neovim.

You can run the master version via the following command:

$ nix run "github:nix-community/neovim-nightly-overlay"

插件管理

plugins = [
  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Example Plugin: nvim-tree-lua
</div>
  pkgs.vimPlugins.nvim-tree-lua

  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Example Plugin: vim-startify with configuration
</div>
  {
    plugin = pkgs.vimPlugins.vim-startify;
    config = "let g:startify_change_to_vcs_root = 0";
  }

  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Example Plugin: nvim-colorizer-lua with Lua config
  # Due to how the runtimepath for Lua modules is processed, your configuration may require
  # packadd! plugin-name to require a module. A home-manager example:
</div>
  {
    plugin = pkgs.vimPlugins.nvim-colorizer-lua;
    config = ''
      packadd! nvim-colorizer.lua
      lua << END
        require 'colorizer'.setup {
          '*'; <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">-- Highlight all files, but customize some others.</span>
          '!vim'; <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">-- Exclude vim from highlighting.</span>
        }
      END
    '';
  }

  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Example Plugin: nvim-treesitter with Lua config
</div>
  {
    plugin = pkgs.vimPlugins.nvim-treesitter;
    config = ''
      packadd! nvim-treesitter
      lua <<EOF
        require'nvim-treesitter.configs'.setup {
          highlight = {
            enable = true,              <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">-- false will disable the whole extension</span>
            disable = {},               <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">-- list of languages that will be disabled</span>
          },
          incremental_selection = {
            enable = true,
            keymaps = {
              init_selection = "gnn",
              node_incremental = "grn",
              scope_incremental = "grc",
              node_decremental = "grm",
            },
          },
          textobjects = {
            select = {
              enable = true,
              lookahead = true,
              keymaps = {
                ["af"] = "@function.outer",
                ["if"] = "@function.inner",
                ["ac"] = "@class.outer",
                ["ic"] = "@class.inner",
              },
            },
          },
        }
      EOF
    '';
  }

  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Installing grammars for tree-sitter
  # Option 1: Install all grammar packages
  pkgs.vimPlugins.nvim-treesitter.withAllGrammars
  
  # Option 2: Install specific grammar packages
  # (pkgs.vimPlugins.nvim-treesitter.withPlugins (p: [ p.c p.java ]))
</div>

  <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
# Option 3: Installing grammars without Nix
  # Installing grammar packages through the built-in command can lead to errors.
  # The following Neovim command will install syntax highlighting for the C programming language: :TSInstall c
</div>
];

框架

If you prefer not to configure your system manually, NixOS offers several predefined configurations and community-supported options. Here are a few of them:

• LazyVim
• AstroNvim
• NVChad

LazyVim, by default, will prevent loading plugins that are not managed by LazyVim. This includes all plugins installed via Nix. If you want to install plugins with both Nix and LazyVim, add the following to your LazyVim setup:

require("lazy").setup(lazyPackages, {
   performance = {
     reset_packpath = false, -- so that plugins outside of lazy can be loaded
   },
 })
 vim.cmd([[ packloadall]] ) -- load plugins outside of lazy

Source

FHS 包装

You can create a custom neovim FHS wrapper

{
  buildFHSEnv,
  writeShellScript,
  neovim,
}:
buildFHSEnv {
  name = "nvim-fhs";
  targetPkgs = pkgs: [ neovim ];

  runScript = writeShellScript "nvim-fhs.sh" ''
    exec ${neovim}/bin/nvim "$@"
  '';
}

This FHS wrapper example is based on a contribution to nixpkgs. For an extended configuration that includes setting up mason.nvim with a similar FHS environment, see this NixOS/nixpkgs issue comment.

故障排除

☶︎

This article or section needs to be expanded. Further information may be found in the related discussion page. Please consult the pedia article metapage for guidelines on contributing.

lua-language-server: 动态链接可执行文件错误

In your ~/.local/state/nvim/lsp.log, you have the following error:

[ERROR][2025-06-07 23:13:15] ...p/_transport.lua:36	"rpc"	"lua-language-server"	"stderr"	"Could not start dynamically linked executable: /home/incogshift/.local/share/nvim/mason/packages/lua-language-server/libexec/bin/lua-language-server\nNixOS cannot run dynamically linked executables intended for generic\nlinux environments out of the box. For more information, see:\nhttps://nix.dev/permalink/stub-ld\n"

A solution for this issue can be found on Stack Overflow.

另见

• Home Manager – For declarative Neovim configuration at the user level: Neovim module in Home Manager
• Official Documentation – Official Neovim documentation.
• NixOS options for Neovim – System-level Neovim configuration.
• Neovim discussions on NixOS Discourse – Community tips, troubleshooting, and use cases.
• Neovim Overlay on Nixpkgs – For nightly builds and additional Neovim packages.