Nix (package manager)/zh: Difference between revisions

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由 Nix 构建的软件包会被放置在只读的 ''Nix store'' 中，通常位于 <code>/nix/store</code>。每个软件包都会被赋予一个唯一的地址，该地址由加密哈希值、软件包名称和版本组成，例如 <code>/nix/store/nawl092prjblbhvv16kxxbk6j9gkgcqm-git-2.14.1</code>。这些前缀对构建过程中的所有输入进行哈希，包括源文件、完整的依赖树、编译器参数等。这使得 Nix 能够同时安装同一软件包的不同版本，甚至是同一版本的不同构建（例如使用不同编译器构建的变体）。在添加、移除或更新软件包时，存储中的内容不会被删除；相反，''profiles'' 中指向这些软件包的符号链接会被添加、移除或更改。

~~Packages built by~~ Nix ~~are placed in the read-only~~ ''Nix store''~~, normally found in~~ <code>/nix/store</code>~~. Each package is given a unique address specified by a cryptographic hash followed by the package name and version, for example~~ <code>/nix/store/nawl092prjblbhvv16kxxbk6j9gkgcqm-git-2.14.1</code>~~. These prefixes hash all the inputs to the build process, including the source files, the full dependency tree, compiler flags, etc. This allows~~ Nix to simultaneously install different versions of the same package, and even different builds of the same version, for example variants built with different compilers. When adding, removing or updating a package, nothing is removed from the store; instead, symlinks to these packages are added, removed or changed in ''profiles''.

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 {{Split|reason=nix store 在概念上有足够的独立性，值得单独成文。}}
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+由 Nix 构建的软件包会被放置在只读的 ''Nix store'' 中，通常位于 <code>/nix/store</code>。每个软件包都会被赋予一个唯一的地址，该地址由加密哈希值、软件包名称和版本组成，例如 <code>/nix/store/nawl092prjblbhvv16kxxbk6j9gkgcqm-git-2.14.1</code>。这些前缀对构建过程中的所有输入进行哈希，包括源文件、完整的依赖树、编译器参数等。这使得 Nix 能够同时安装同一软件包的不同版本，甚至是同一版本的不同构建（例如使用不同编译器构建的变体）。在添加、移除或更新软件包时，存储中的内容不会被删除；相反，''profiles'' 中指向这些软件包的符号链接会被添加、移除或更改。
-Packages built by Nix are placed in the read-only ''Nix store'', normally found in <code>/nix/store</code>. Each package is given a unique address specified by a cryptographic hash followed by the package name and version, for example <code>/nix/store/nawl092prjblbhvv16kxxbk6j9gkgcqm-git-2.14.1</code>. These prefixes hash all the inputs to the build process, including the source files, the full dependency tree, compiler flags, etc. This allows Nix to simultaneously install different versions of the same package, and even different builds of the same version, for example variants built with different compilers. When adding, removing or updating a package, nothing is removed from the store; instead, symlinks to these packages are added, removed or changed in ''profiles''.
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