NixOS на ARM
Уровень поддержки ARM в целом зависит от архитектуры и конкретных экосистем и плат.
The way the ARM integration is built into NixOS is by making generic builds the first-class citizens. This means that as soon as there is upstream support for the board in the kernel and platform firmware, NixOS should work once those are updated.
It is still possible, when needed, to build and use a customized platform firmware and kernel for specific boards[reference needed].
На данный момент (начало 2024 года) только AArch64 имеет полную поддержку upstream. При этом ни armv6l, ни armv7l не игнорируются, над исправлениями работают и утверждают их по мере необходимости. Не хватает только поддержки и сборки в бинарном виде. На момент написания статьи общедоступных кэшей для armv6l или armv7l не существует.
For images links, including UEFI install, skip to the Installation page.
Поддерживаемые устройства
Table legend:
Upstream (NixOS) supported devices
NixOS has support for these boards using AArch64 architecture on the nixpkgs-unstable and stable channel.
Support for those board assumes as much is supported as Mainline Linux supports.
| Manufacturer | Board | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Storage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 3 | Broadcom BCM2837 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 - 1.4 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 4 | Broadcom BCM2711 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A72 @ 1.5 - 1.8 GHz | 1-8 GB | microSD, eMMC |
Community supported devices
These boards are not routinely verified as working.
The baseline support level expected is “Just as much as mainline Linux and U-Boot supports them”, except if specified otherwise.
| Manufacturer | Board | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Storage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | Apple Silicon Macs | M1/M1 Pro/M1 Max | AArch64 | — | — | NVMe |
| ASUS | Tinker Board | Rockchip RK3288 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A17 | 2 GB | microSD |
| Banana Pi | Banana Pi | Allwinner A20 | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A7 | 1 GB | SD, SATA |
| Banana Pi M64 | Banana Pi M64 | Allwinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 | 2 GB | microSD, 8GB eMMc |
| Banana Pi BPI-M5 | Banana Pi BPI-M5 | Amlogic S905X3 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A55 | 4 GB LPDDR4 | microSD, 16G eMMC |
| BeagleBoard.org | BeagleBone Black | TI AM335x (src) | ARMv7 | 1× Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | 512 MB | 4 GB eMMC, microSD |
| Firefly | AIO-3399C | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 2/4 GB | 8/16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPC-T4 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPi-M4 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | optional eMMC, microSD |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPi-R6C | Rockchip RK3588S | AArch64 | 4× ARM Cortex-A76 @ 2.4 GHz, 4× Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 Ghz | 4 GB / 8 GB | optional eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-HC1 & ODROID-HC2 | Samsung Exynos 5422 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A15 @ 2GHz, 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.4GHz | 2 GB | microSD |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-C2 | Amlogic S905 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5GHz | 2 GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-HC4 | Amlogic S905X3 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A55 @ 1.8GHz | 4 GB | microSD, SATA |
| Kosagi | Kosagi Novena | i.MX6 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A9 @ 1.2 GHz | 4 GB | microSD, SATA |
| Libre Computer | ROC-RK3399-PC | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Libre Computer | ROC-RK3328-CC | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.4GHz | 4 GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Libre Computer | AML-S905X-CC-V2 | Amlogic S905X | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.512 GHz | 1/2GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Linksprite | pcDuino3 Nano | Allwinner A20 | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A7 @ 1 GHz | 1 GB | 4 GB NAND, microSD, SATA |
| NVIDIA | Jetson TK1 | Tegra K1/T124 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A15 @ 2.3 GHz | 2 GB | 16 GB eMMC, SD, SATA |
| NXP | i.MX 8M Plus EVK | i.MX 8M Plus | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.8 Ghz | 6 GB | 32 GB eMMC, microSD |
| NXP | i.MX 8M Quad EVK | i.MX 8M Quad | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz + 1× Cortex-M4 | 3 GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| OLIMEX | Teres-A64 | AllWinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.1 GHz | 2GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi One | Allwinner H3 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.2 GHz | 512 MB | microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi PC | Allwinner H3 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.6 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi Zero Plus2 (H5) | Allwinner H5 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD + 8GB eMMC |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi Zero2 (H616) | Allwinner H616 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD + 2MB SPI Flash |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi R1 Plus LTS | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1 GB | microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi 5 | Rockchip RK3588s | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | microSD, NVMe |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi 5 Plus | Rockchip RK3588 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| PINE64 | PINE A64-LTS | Allwinner R18 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ ? GHz | 2 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | Pinebook | Allwinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ ? Ghz | 2 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | Pinebook Pro | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | ROCK64 | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1/2/4 GB | microSD/eMMC |
| PINE64 | ROCKPro64 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 2/4 GB | microSD/eMMC |
| Clockworkpi | uConsole A06 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | microSD |
| Radxa | ROCK5 Model B | Rockchip RK3588 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Radxa | ROCK5 Model A | Rockchip RK3588s | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi | Broadcom BCM2835 | ARMv6 | 1 × ARM1176 @ 700 MHz | 256 MB / 512 MB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 2 | Broadcom BCM2836 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 900 MHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 3 | Broadcom BCM2837 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 4 | Broadcom BCM2711 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1-8 GB | microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 5 | Broadcom BCM2712 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4 GHz | 4-8 GB | microSD |
| Toshiba | AC100 (mini laptop) | Tegra 2 250 (T20) | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A9 @ 1 GHz | 512 MB | 8–32 GB eMMC, SD |
| Wandboard | Wandboard Solo/Dual/Quad | Freescale i.MX6 | ARMv7 | 1×/2×/4× Cortex-A9 @ 1000 MHz | 512 MB / 1 GB / 2 GB | microSD, SATA |
Особые устройства
С помощью QEMU можно эмулировать платформу ARM.
| Manufacturer | Board | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Storage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QEMU | QEMU | — | ARMv7 | up to 8 | up to 2 GB | Anything QEMU supports |
Установка
Initial configuration
Устранение неполадок
Hanging at Starting kernel ...
When booting a NixOS system, it may look like it is hung at Starting kernel ....
Маловероятно, что он завис на этом этапе. Это последнее сообщение, выводимое U-Boot. U-Boot печатает сразу и на дисплей, и в консоль.
Для просмотра сообщений ядра и вывода загрузки необходимо соответствующим образом настроить "stdout" ядра.
The kernel's stdout will differ depending on semantics.
- When there are no valid
console=kernel command-line arguments, it will default to the/chosen/stdout-pathdevice tree property. (Generally a serial console.) - When valid
console=parameters are present, the kernel picks the leftmost valid one asstdout.
Другими словами, решение может заключаться в том, чтобы включить соответствующие параметры console= в соответствии с конфигурацией вашего оборудования и системы.
- For the display, add
console=tty0. - For a serial console, refer to the target device configuration.
Подробные сведения о процессе загрузки
NixOS также может быть загружена через UEFI на ARM. Семантика в целом такая же, как и на других архитектурах. Обратите внимание, что частое использование Device Tree вместо ACPI в аппаратном обеспечении потребительского класса может сделать это немного более неудобным.
Otherwise, in SBC-class hardware, it is common that boards are generally expected to use U-Boot as the platform firmware and bootloader. See the section about using NixOS with U-Boot.
Бинарные кэши
Aarch64
The official NixOS Hydra instance builds a full set of binaries (available on https://cache.nixos.org) for the AArch64 architecture on the nixpkgs-unstable and stable channels.
armv6l и armv7l
Some users have provided best effort caches in the past for 32 bit ARM, but none are currently available.
Получение поддержки
There is a dedicated room for the upstream NixOS effort on Matrix, #nixos-on-arm:nixos.org.
Don't hesitate to ask questions. Note that reply times may vary greatly, depending on the provided information.
Источники
См. также
- U-Boot, as it is often paired with SBC-class hardware.
- Mobile NixOS, which provides enhanced semantic around some non-standard boot semantics.
Подстраницы
Ниже приведен список всех подстраниц темы NixOS на ARM.