NixOS sur ARM
Le niveau de support global d'ARM varie en fonction de l'architecture, des écosystèmes spécifiques et des cartes.
La manière dont ARM est intégré dans NixOS consiste à créer des constructions génériques de premier ordre. Cela veut dire qu'à partir du moment où une carte est supportée en amont par le noyau et le micrologiciel de plateforme, NixOS est censé fonctionner sur ces cartes dès lors qu'ils sont mis à jour.
Il est néanmoins possible, si nécessaire, de construire et utiliser un micrologiciel de plateforme et un noyau personnalisés pour des cartes spécifiques[référence nécessaire].
À ce jour (début 2024) seul AArch64 dispose d'un support complet en amont. Ceci dit, cela ne veut pas dire qu'armv6l ou armv7l sont ignorés pour autant, des corrections sont développées et approuvées au besoin. Ce qui fait défaut sont le support et la construction de binaires. Au moment de l'écriture de cet article, il n'y a pas de caches disponibles pour armv6l ou armv7l.
Pour les liens vers les images disque, incluant les installations UEFI dirigez-vous vers la page d'installation.
Périphériques supportés
Légende du tableau:
- SoC - https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_sur_une_puce
- ISA - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture
Périphériques supportés en amont (NixOS)
NixOS supporte ces cartes d'architecture AArch64 sur les canaux nixpkgs-unstable et stable.
Le support de ces cartes est le même que celui fournit par les distributions Linux standard.
| Constructeur | Carte | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Stockage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 3 | Broadcom BCM2837 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 - 1.4 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 4 | Broadcom BCM2711 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A72 @ 1.5 - 1.8 GHz | 1-8 GB | microSD, eMMC |
Périphériques supportés par la communauté
These boards are not routinely verified as working.
The baseline support level expected is “Just as much as mainline Linux and U-Boot supports them”, except if specified otherwise.
| Manufacturer | Board | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Storage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple | Apple Silicon Macs | M1/M1 Pro/M1 Max | AArch64 | — | — | NVMe |
| ASUS | Tinker Board | Rockchip RK3288 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A17 | 2 GB | microSD |
| Banana Pi | Banana Pi | Allwinner A20 | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A7 | 1 GB | SD, SATA |
| Banana Pi M64 | Banana Pi M64 | Allwinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 | 2 GB | microSD, 8GB eMMc |
| Banana Pi BPI-M5 | Banana Pi BPI-M5 | Amlogic S905X3 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A55 | 4 GB LPDDR4 | microSD, 16G eMMC |
| BeagleBoard.org | BeagleBone Black | TI AM335x (src) | ARMv7 | 1× Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | 512 MB | 4 GB eMMC, microSD |
| Firefly | AIO-3399C | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 2/4 GB | 8/16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPC-T4 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPi-M4 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | optional eMMC, microSD |
| FriendlyElec | NanoPi-R6C | Rockchip RK3588S | AArch64 | 4× ARM Cortex-A76 @ 2.4 GHz, 4× Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 Ghz | 4 GB / 8 GB | optional eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-HC1 & ODROID-HC2 | Samsung Exynos 5422 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A15 @ 2GHz, 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.4GHz | 2 GB | microSD |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-C2 | Amlogic S905 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5GHz | 2 GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Hardkernel | ODROID-HC4 | Amlogic S905X3 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A55 @ 1.8GHz | 4 GB | microSD, SATA |
| Kosagi | Kosagi Novena | i.MX6 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A9 @ 1.2 GHz | 4 GB | microSD, SATA |
| Libre Computer | ROC-RK3399-PC | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Libre Computer | ROC-RK3328-CC | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.4GHz | 4 GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Libre Computer | AML-S905X-CC-V2 | Amlogic S905X | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.512 GHz | 1/2GB | eMMC, microSD |
| Linksprite | pcDuino3 Nano | Allwinner A20 | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A7 @ 1 GHz | 1 GB | 4 GB NAND, microSD, SATA |
| NVIDIA | Jetson TK1 | Tegra K1/T124 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A15 @ 2.3 GHz | 2 GB | 16 GB eMMC, SD, SATA |
| NXP | i.MX 8M Plus EVK | i.MX 8M Plus | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.8 Ghz | 6 GB | 32 GB eMMC, microSD |
| NXP | i.MX 8M Quad EVK | i.MX 8M Quad | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz + 1× Cortex-M4 | 3 GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| OLIMEX | Teres-A64 | AllWinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.1 GHz | 2GB | 16 GB eMMC, microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi One | Allwinner H3 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.2 GHz | 512 MB | microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi PC | Allwinner H3 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 1.6 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi Zero Plus2 (H5) | Allwinner H5 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD + 8GB eMMC |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi Zero2 (H616) | Allwinner H616 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD + 2MB SPI Flash |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi R1 Plus LTS | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1 GB | microSD |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi 5 | Rockchip RK3588s | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | microSD, NVMe |
| Orange Pi | Orange Pi 5 Plus | Rockchip RK3588 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| PINE64 | PINE A64-LTS | Allwinner R18 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ ? GHz | 2 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | Pinebook | Allwinner A64 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ ? Ghz | 2 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | Pinebook Pro | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | microSD & eMMC |
| PINE64 | ROCK64 | Rockchip RK3328 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1/2/4 GB | microSD/eMMC |
| PINE64 | ROCKPro64 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 2/4 GB | microSD/eMMC |
| Clockworkpi | uConsole A06 | Rockchip RK3399 | AArch64 | 2× Cortex-A72 @ 2.0 GHz, 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 Ghz | 4 GB | microSD |
| Radxa | ROCK5 Model B | Rockchip RK3588 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Radxa | ROCK5 Model A | Rockchip RK3588s | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz, 4×Cortex-A55 @ 1.8 GHz | 4/8/16 GB | eMMC, microSD, NVMe |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi | Broadcom BCM2835 | ARMv6 | 1 × ARM1176 @ 700 MHz | 256 MB / 512 MB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 2 | Broadcom BCM2836 | ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A7 @ 900 MHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 3 | Broadcom BCM2837 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.2 GHz | 1 GB | SD/microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 4 | Broadcom BCM2711 | AArch64 / ARMv7 | 4× Cortex-A53 @ 1.5 GHz | 1-8 GB | microSD |
| Raspberry Pi Foundation | Raspberry Pi 5 | Broadcom BCM2712 | AArch64 | 4× Cortex-A76 @ 2.4 GHz | 4-8 GB | microSD |
| Toshiba | AC100 (mini laptop) | Tegra 2 250 (T20) | ARMv7 | 2× Cortex-A9 @ 1 GHz | 512 MB | 8–32 GB eMMC, SD |
| Wandboard | Wandboard Solo/Dual/Quad | Freescale i.MX6 | ARMv7 | 1×/2×/4× Cortex-A9 @ 1000 MHz | 512 MB / 1 GB / 2 GB | microSD, SATA |
Special Devices
It is possible to emulate an ARM platform with QEMU.
| Manufacturer | Board | SoC | ISA | CPU | RAM | Storage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QEMU | QEMU | — | ARMv7 | up to 8 | up to 2 GB | Anything QEMU supports |
Installation
Initial configuration
Troubleshooting
Hanging at Starting kernel ...
When booting a NixOS system, it may look like it is hung at Starting kernel ....
It is unlikely to be hung at this part. This is the last message printed by U-Boot. U-Boot prints to both the display and the console at once.
To view the kernel messages and boot output, the “stdout” of the kernel needs to be configured appropriately.
The kernel's stdout will differ depending on semantics.
- When there are no valid
console=kernel command-line arguments, it will default to the/chosen/stdout-pathdevice tree property. (Generally a serial console.) - When valid
console=parameters are present, the kernel picks the leftmost valid one asstdout.
In other words, the solution may be to enable the appropriate console= parameters according to your hardware configuration and system.
- For the display, add
console=tty0. - For a serial console, refer to the target device configuration.
Details about the boot process
NixOS can also be booted through UEFI on ARM. The semantics are generally the same as on other architectures. Do note that the common use of Device Tree instead of ACPI in consumer-class hardware may make this a bit more awkward.
Otherwise, in SBC-class hardware, it is common that boards are generally expected to use U-Boot as the platform firmware and bootloader. See the section about using NixOS with U-Boot.
Binary caches
AArch64
The official NixOS Hydra instance builds a full set of binaries (available on https://cache.nixos.org) for the AArch64 architecture on the nixpkgs-unstable and stable channels.
armv6l and armv7l
Some users have provided best effort caches in the past for 32 bit ARM, but none are currently available.
Getting Support
There is a dedicated room for the upstream NixOS effort on Matrix, #nixos-on-arm:nixos.org.
Don't hesitate to ask questions. Note that reply times may vary greatly, depending on the provided information.
Resources
See also
- U-Boot, as it is often paired with SBC-class hardware.
- Mobile NixOS, which provides enhanced semantic around some non-standard boot semantics.
Subpages
The following is a list of all sub-pages of the NixOS on ARM topic.